The 2018 Case That Opened the ArmyNarrow moat

Palantir Technologies (PLTR) — moat facet

Palantir sued the Army in 2018 to force it to consider off-the-shelf software, and the Army is now one of its largest customers.

Palantir's government business rests on a lawsuit it won against the customer it most wanted. The 10-K refers to "our 2018 legal victory in federal court" and says "The ruling requires the government to consider commercially available products"1. The ruling meant the Army could no longer commission custom software without first weighing a product already on the market.

US government revenue ($M)678.22021826.32022921.220231,197.920241,8552025Palantir Forms 10-K FY2022, FY2023; FY2024 and FY2025 releases
Nearly tripled since 2021.

The ruling changed who could compete for defence software, and Palantir has used the opening. US government revenue was $678.2 million in 20212 and $1.855 billion in 2025, up 55%3. In the second quarter of 2026 it was $809 million, up 90%4.

The Army itself has become a large customer. In 2025 it consolidated 75 contracts with Palantir into one enterprise agreement worth up to $10 billion5, and in 2024 it selected Palantir to deliver the Tactical Intelligence Targeting Access Node ground station, which the 10-K calls "the Army’s first AI-defined vehicle"6.

Suing a customer is unusual, and the lesson is specific to Palantir: it bet that a product could beat a procurement system, and the court agreed. The bet still pays because the rule it won is permanent.

The economics of the government business were very different when the case was decided. In 2018 the government segment's contribution margin was 12%7; it was 66% in 20258. The ruling opened the market, and it took years of work inside it before the government business became profitable.

US government revenue growth is the figure that tests whether the opening still matters. It accelerated from 55% in 2025 to 90% in the second quarter of 2026910; a return to the 11.5% growth of 202311 would say the post-ruling expansion has matured.

Moat trajectory: Widening

US government revenue +90% in Q2 2026.

The number that tests this moat
Reported
US government revenue, latest quarter
$809M (Q2 2026), +90%

The American public business the ruling opened; a return to low double-digit growth would mean it has matured.

Source: Palantir Q2 2026 results release ↗
⚠ Threats to the moat
⚠ THREAT 01
The Ruling Helps Every Commercial Vendor
The ruling Palantir won opened defence procurement to every commercial software vendor, not only to Palantir.
References
  1. ReportedThe 10-K refers to "our 2018 legal victory in federal court" and says "The ruling requires the government to consider commercially available products".
    Palantir Technologies Form 10-K for fiscal 2021 - the 2018 court ruling, segment contribution for 2019-2021, top-twenty customer revenue and the government fiscal year. — FY2021 · publ. February 2022 · source ↗
  2. ReportedUS government revenue was $678.2 million in 2021 and $1.855 billion in 2025, up 55%.
    Palantir Technologies Form 10-K for fiscal 2022 - segment revenue and contribution for 2020-2022, US revenue for 2020-2022, US government revenue for 2021-2022, strategic commercial contracts and investment losses. — FY2022 · publ. February 2023 · source ↗
  3. ReportedUS government revenue was $678.2 million in 2021 and $1.855 billion in 2025, up 55%.
    Palantir fourth-quarter and full-year 2025 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue, US revenue lines, margins, stock-based compensation, cash flow and initial 2026 guidance - full-year 2025 results: revenue by line, margins, expenses, stock pay and cash flow. — FY2025 · publ. 2 February 2026 · source ↗
  4. ReportedIn the second quarter of 2026 it was $809 million, up 90%.
    Palantir second-quarter 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue, US commercial and government revenue, deal counts, TCV, US commercial RDV, cash and raised 2026 guidance - second-quarter results: revenue by line, margins, deal counts, contract value, cash and stock pay. — Q2 2026 · publ. 3 August 2026 · source ↗
  5. ReportedIn 2025 it consolidated 75 contracts with Palantir into one enterprise agreement worth up to $10 billion, and in 2024 it selected Palantir to deliver the Tactical Intelligence Targeting Access Node ground station, which the 10-K calls "the Army’s first AI-defined vehicle".
    Breaking Defense, the Army consolidates 75 Palantir software contracts, 15 as prime and 60 as subcontractor, into one deal worth up to $10 billion. — August 2025 · publ. 1 August 2025 · source ↗
  6. ReportedIn 2025 it consolidated 75 contracts with Palantir into one enterprise agreement worth up to $10 billion, and in 2024 it selected Palantir to deliver the Tactical Intelligence Targeting Access Node ground station, which the 10-K calls "the Army’s first AI-defined vehicle".
    Palantir Technologies Form 10-K for fiscal 2025 - Item 1 business: platforms, employees, competition, pilots and government programmes. — FY2025 · publ. 17 February 2026 · source ↗
  7. ReportedIn 2018 the government segment's contribution margin was 12%; it was 66% in 2025.
    Palantir Technologies Form 10-K for fiscal 2020 - the direct listing, segment contribution for 2018-2020, revenue by country and employees. — FY2020 · publ. March 2021 · source ↗
  8. ReportedIn 2018 the government segment's contribution margin was 12%; it was 66% in 2025.
    Palantir Technologies Form 10-K for fiscal 2025 - Item 7 MD&A and segment note: segment revenue and contribution, revenue by geography and customer concentration. — FY2025 · publ. 17 February 2026 · source ↗
  9. ReportedIt accelerated from 55% in 2025 to 90% in the second quarter of 2026; a return to the 11.5% growth of 2023 would say the post-ruling expansion has matured.
    Palantir fourth-quarter and full-year 2025 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue, US revenue lines, margins, stock-based compensation, cash flow and initial 2026 guidance - full-year 2025 results: revenue by line, margins, expenses, stock pay and cash flow. — FY2025 · publ. 2 February 2026 · source ↗
  10. ReportedIt accelerated from 55% in 2025 to 90% in the second quarter of 2026; a return to the 11.5% growth of 2023 would say the post-ruling expansion has matured.
    Palantir second-quarter 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue, US commercial and government revenue, deal counts, TCV, US commercial RDV, cash and raised 2026 guidance - second-quarter results: revenue by line, margins, deal counts, contract value, cash and stock pay. — Q2 2026 · publ. 3 August 2026 · source ↗
  11. Moat Explorer calcIt accelerated from 55% in 2025 to 90% in the second quarter of 2026; a return to the 11.5% growth of 2023 would say the post-ruling expansion has matured.
    Moat Explorer calculation from Palantir's filings, results releases and market data ($ millions unless stated). Revenue lines: US commercial 2021 = US revenue 879.16 - US government 678.2 = 200.96, rounded 201.0; international commercial = commercial segment revenue less US commercial: 2021 644.53 - 200.96 = 443.6; 2022 834.1 - 335.1 = 499.0; 2023 1,002.8 - 457.1 = 545.7; 2024 1,295.9 - 702.3 = 593.6; 2025 2,073.2 - 1,465 = 608.2; Q2 2025 450.7 - 306 = 144.7; Q1 2026 (1,719.6 - 945.4) - 595 = 774.2 - 595 = 179.2; Q2 2026 945.4 - 764 = 181.4. International government = government segment revenue less US government: 2021 897.4 - 678.2 = 219.2; 2022 1,071.8 - 826.3 = 245.5; 2023 1,222.2 - 921.2 = 301.0; 2024 1,569.6 - 1,197.9 = 371.7; 2025 2,402.3 - 1,855 = 547.3; Q2 2025 553.0 - 426 = 127.0; Q2 2026 990.0 - 809 = 181.0. US government 2024 = US revenue 1,900.2 - US commercial 702.3 = 1,197.9. Check 2025: 1,465 + 1,855 + 608.2 + 547.3 = 4,475.5. Growth: international commercial 499.0 / 443.6 = +12.5%; 545.7 / 499.0 = +9.4%; 593.6 / 545.7 = +8.8%; 608.2 / 593.6 = +2.5%; 608.2 / 443.6 = +37%. International government 245.5 / 219.2 = +12.0%; 301.0 / 245.5 = +22.6%; 371.7 / 301.0 = +23.5%; 547.3 / 371.7 = +47.2%. US commercial 335.1 / 201.0 = +66.7%; 457.1 / 335.1 = +36.4%; 702.3 / 457.1 = +53.6%; 1,465 / 201.0 = 7.3 times. US government 921.2 / 826.3 = +11.5%; 1,197.9 / 921.2 = +30.0%; 1,855 / 678.2 = 2.7 times. Government segment 2,402.3 / 610.2 = 3.9 times; first half 1,848.4 / 1,039.9 = +77.7%. Revenue abroad Q2 2026 1,935.5 - 1,573.0 = 362.5, Q2 2025 144.7 + 127.0 = 271.7, 362.5 / 271.7 = +33.4%; 2025 4,475.4 - 3,320.0 = 1,155.4; 2024 2,865.5 - 1,900.2 = 965.3; 2022 1,905.9 - 1,161.4 = 744.5. Other income Q2 2026 91.8 / Q2 2025 6.6 = 13.9 times. Rest of world 2025 4,475.4 - 3,320.0 - 427.4 = 728.0. Shares of revenue: US commercial 201.0 / 1,541.9 = 13.0%; 335.1 / 1,905.9 = 17.6%; 457.1 / 2,225.0 = 20.5%; 702.3 / 2,865.5 = 24.5%; 1,465 / 4,475.4 = 32.7%; Q2 2026 764 / 1,935.5 = 39.5%. US government 678.2 / 1,541.9 = 44.0%; 826.3 / 1,905.9 = 43.4%; 921.2 / 2,225.0 = 41.4%; 1,197.9 / 2,865.5 = 41.8%; 1,855 / 4,475.4 = 41.4%; Q2 2026 809 / 1,935.5 = 41.8%. International commercial 443.6 / 1,541.9 = 28.8%; 608.2 / 4,475.4 = 13.6%. International government 547.3 / 4,475.4 = 12.2%. Revenue abroad 1,155.4 / 4,475.4 = 25.8%; Q2 2026 362.5 / 1,935.5 = 18.7%. US commercial share of remaining deal value 6,238 / 13,100 = 47.6%. US commercial share of contract value closed 2,132 / 3,373 = 63.2%. 2026 US commercial guide 3,424 / 8,154 = 42.0%. Customers: top three 2025 0.16 x 4,475.4 = 716; top twenty 20 x 93.9 = 1,878, 1,878 / 4,475.4 = 42.0%; next seventeen 1,878 - 716 = 1,162; all others 4,475.4 - 1,878 = 2,597.4; top twenty June 2026 20 x 124 = 2,480. US commercial customers 653 / 80 = 8.2 times. US commercial contract value Q2 2025 2,132 / 2.53 = 843. Backlog: remaining performance obligations 4.9 / total remaining deal value 13.1 = 37.4%; due within twelve months 4.1 x 0.38 = 1.56 bn (Dec 2025), 4.9 x 0.43 = 2.11 bn (June 2026), 2.11 / 1.56 = 1.35. Costs and margins: research and development / revenue 404.6 / 2,225.0 = 18.2%; 507.9 / 2,865.5 = 17.7%; 557.7 / 4,475.4 = 12.5%; growth 557.7 / 507.9 = +9.8%. Sales and marketing / revenue 887.8 / 2,865.5 = 31.0%; 1,056.9 / 4,475.4 = 23.6%; growth 1,056.9 / 887.8 = +19.0%. Stock-based compensation / revenue 1,270.7 / 1,092.7 = 116%; 778.2 / 1,541.9 = 50%; 564.8 / 1,905.9 = 30%; 475.9 / 2,225.0 = 21%; 691.6 / 2,865.5 = 24%; 684.0 / 4,475.4 = 15.3%; Q2 2026 265.2 / 1,935.5 = 13.7%; growth 265.2 / 160.0 = +66%. Diluted weighted shares 2,565.2 / 1,923.6 = +33%. 2026 adjusted operating margin guide 4,893 / 8,154 = 60.0%. Revenue per employee 4,475.4 / 4,429 = 1.01; 2,225.0 / 3,735 = 0.596; 1.01 / 0.596 = 1.70; employees 4,429 / 3,735 = +18.6%; revenue 4,475.4 / 2,225.0 = 2.01 times. Cumulative losses 2018-2022 580.0 + 579.6 + 1,166.4 + 520.4 + 373.7 = 3,220.1. Effective tax rate 2025 22.7 / 1,657.4 = 1.4%. Interest income 229.2 / 1,657.4 = 13.8%. Guidance: revenue midpoints (8,150 + 8,158) / 2 = 8,154 and (7,182 + 7,198) / 2 = 7,190, raise 8,154 - 7,190 = 964; growth 8,154 / 4,475.4 = +82%; adjusted free cash flow midpoints (4,500 + 4,700) / 2 = 4,600 and (3,925 + 4,125) / 2 = 4,025; first half revenue 3,568.0 / 8,154 = 43.8%; second half 8,154 - 3,568.0 = 4,586; Q3 midpoint (2,160 + 2,164) / 2 = 2,162, 2,162 / 1,935.5 = +11.7% and 2,164 / 1,935.5 = +11.8%; implied Q4 4,586 - 2,162 = 2,424. US commercial second half needed 3,424 - 595 - 764 = 2,065. US commercial guide raise 3,424 - 3,144 = 280. Valuation: market value 462.81 bn / 2026 revenue guide 8.154 bn = 56.8 times; / adjusted free cash flow guide 4.6 bn = 100.6 times; cash 9.2 / 462.81 = 2.0%; 462.81 / 13.35 = 34.7 times. Founders' economic stake (75.3 + 152.1 + 1.0) / 2,402.9 = 9.5% of shares. Market value 462.81 / listing-day 15.67 = 29.5 times; revenue 4,475.4 / 1,092.7 = 4.1 times (2020-2025); employees 4,429 / 2,439 = 1.82 times. Hosting commitments 1,759.0 / cash 9,200 = 19.1%. Army ceiling 10,000 / 10 years = 1,000 a year; 1,000 / 1,855 = 53.9%. Unallocated 557.7 + 684.0 = 1,241.7. Q3 2026 adjusted operating margin guide (1,292 + 1,296) / 2 = 1,294, 1,294 / 2,162 = 59.9%. Adjusted income from operations 2,254.1 / 632.8 = 3.56 times. Top twenty average 124 / 43.6 = 2.84 times. Capital spending 33.9 / cash from operations 2,134.5 = 1.6%. Return on equity 1,625.0 / ((5,003.3 + 7,387.3) / 2) = 1,625.0 / 6,195.3 = 26.2%. United Kingdom 427.4 / 235.3 = +81.6%. International government Q1 2026 (1,848.4 - 990.0) - 687 = 171.4. Q4 2025 revenue 1,406.8 / 827.5 = +70%; Q4 sales and marketing 302.1 / 288.3 = +4.8%. Commercial customers outside the US 870 - 653 = 217. US commercial customers 221 / 143 = +55%. Top three 2025 against 2020: 16% / 25% = 0.64; customers 954 / 139 = 6.9 times - revenue lines, growth, costs and guidance. — 2018-2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
    Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Palantir's Forms 10-K, 10-Q, results releases, presentations, the Q2 2026 call and market data; operands shown in the source line.
Sources
Generated September 25, 2026