Borrowing to Buy and ReturnNarrow moat

Analog Devices (ADI) — moat facet

ADI's net debt rose from $4.9 billion to $6.8 billion in nine months as it paid for Empower and returned more than its free cash, before $3 billion of new notes.

1. Moat Explorer calcNet debt was about $4,939 million at the end of fiscal 2025 and about $6,797 million at 1 August 2026, on long-term debt of $6,771.6 million, current debt of $1,344.9 million and commercial paper of $1,005.1 million against cash and short-term investments of about $2,324.9 million.
   Moat Explorer calculation from Analog Devices reported figures ($ millions unless stated; fiscal years ending late October or early November). Revenue growth: FY2025 11,019.7 / 9,427.2 - 1 = +16.9%; FY2024 9,427.2 / 12,305.5 - 1 = -23.4%; FY2023 12,305.5 / 12,014.0 - 1 = +2.4%; FY2022 12,014.0 / 7,318.3 - 1 = +64.2%; FY2021 7,318.3 / 5,603.1 - 1 = +30.6%; FY2020 5,603.1 / 5,991.1 - 1 = -6.5%; FY2019 5,991.1 / 6,224.7 - 1 = -3.8%; FY2024 revenue fall 12,305.5 - 9,427.2 = 2,878.3, about $2.9bn; FY2026 implied 10,805.6 + 4,300 = 15,105.6, about $15.1bn, 15,105.6 / 11,019.7 - 1 = +37%, 15,105.6 / 12,305.5 - 1 = +23%; Q3 FY2026 quarterly revenue 4,021.9 / 3,076.1 - 1 = +30.7% on Q4 FY2025; 4,021.9 / 2,423.2 = 1.66 times Q1 FY2025. Operating income: FY2024 2,032.8 / 3,823.1 - 1 = -46.8%, a fall of 3,823.1 - 2,032.8 = 1,790.3, about $1.8bn. Gross profit FY2024 5,381.3 / 7,877.2 - 1 = -31.7%. Gross margin FY2015 2,259.3 / 3,435.1 = 65.8%; FY2016 2,227.2 / 3,421.4 = 65.1%; reported gross margin range FY2015-FY2025 57.1% (FY2024) to 68.3% (FY2018); Q3 FY2026 adjusted less reported 72.5 - 67.3 = 5.2 points. Acquisition-related expenses Q3 FY2026 209.2 (cost of sales) + 188.6 (operating expenses) = 397.8; nine months FY2026 619.4 + 565.1 = 1,184.5. People: revenue per employee FY2021 7,318.3 / 24,700 = about $296,000; FY2022 12,014.0 / 24,450 = $491,000; FY2024 9,427.2 / 24,000 = $393,000; FY2025 11,019.7 / 24,500 = $450,000; engineers 13,000 / 24,500 = 53% (FY2025), 11,000 / 24,700 = 45% (FY2021); engineers added 13,000 - 11,000 = 2,000. R&D as a share of revenue: FY2015 637.5 / 3,435.1 = 18.6%; FY2016 653.8 / 3,421.4 = 19.1%; FY2017 968.1 / 5,246.4 = 18.5%; FY2018 1,165.0 / 6,224.7 = 18.7%; FY2019 1,130.3 / 5,991.1 = 18.9%; FY2020 1,050.5 / 5,603.1 = 18.7%; FY2021 1,296.1 / 7,318.3 = 17.7%; FY2022 1,700.5 / 12,014.0 = 14.2%; FY2023 1,660.2 / 12,305.5 = 13.5%; FY2024 1,487.9 / 9,427.2 = 15.8%; FY2025 1,766.0 / 11,019.7 = 16.0%; Q3 FY2026 533.5 / 4,021.9 = 13.3%; R&D FY2024 1,487.9 / 1,700.5 - 1 = -12.5%. End markets: FY2024 over FY2023 Industrial 4,290.3 / 6,565.4 - 1 = -34.7%; Communications 1,091.4 / 1,591.6 - 1 = -31.4%; Automotive 2,837.5 / 2,904.0 - 1 = -2.3%; Consumer 1,207.9 / 1,244.6 - 1 = -3.0%. FY2025 over FY2024 Industrial 4,929.4 / 4,290.3 - 1 = +14.9%; Automotive 3,277.9 / 2,837.5 - 1 = +15.5%; Communications 1,377.9 / 1,091.4 - 1 = +26.2%; Consumer 1,434.6 / 1,207.9 - 1 = +18.8%. FY2017 to FY2025: Industrial 4,929.4 / 2,324.7 = 2.12 times, 9.9% a year; Automotive 3,277.9 / 758.1 = 4.3 times, 20.1% a year; Communications 1,377.9 / 908.6 = 1.52 times, 5.3% a year; Consumer 1,434.6 / 1,255.0 = 1.14 times, 1.7% a year. Consumer share 1,255.0 / 5,246.4 = 23.9% (FY2017), 933.8 / 6,224.7 = 15.0%, 752.3 / 5,991.1 = 12.6%, 624.9 / 5,603.1 = 11.2%, 1,519.9 / 12,014.0 = 12.7%, 1,244.6 / 12,305.5 = 10.1%, 1,434.6 / 11,019.7 = 13.0% (FY2025), Q3 FY2026 397.2 / 4,021.9 = 9.9%. Automotive share 3,277.9 / 11,019.7 = 29.7% (FY2025), Q3 FY2025 857.1 / 2,880.3 = 29.8%, Q3 FY2026 998.2 / 4,021.9 = 24.8%. Communications share Q3 FY2025 354.8 / 2,880.3 = 12.3%, Q3 FY2026 654.5 / 4,021.9 = 16.3%. Industrial plus Communications (4,929.4 + 1,377.9) / 11,019.7 = 57.2% (FY2025); Q3 FY2026 (1,971.9 + 654.5 = 2,626.4) / 4,021.9 = 65.3%. Trailing twelve months to August 2026 (Q4 FY2025 + Q1 + Q2 + Q3 FY2026): Industrial 1,426.5 + 1,489.3 + 1,799.4 + 1,971.9 = 6,687.1; Automotive 852.2 + 794.4 + 871.6 + 998.2 = 3,516.4; Communications 389.8 + 476.8 + 554.7 + 654.5 = 2,075.8; Consumer 407.5 + 399.8 + 397.8 + 397.2 = 1,602.3. Distributor revenue Q3 FY2026 2,327.1 / 1,592.4 - 1 = +46.1%. Geography: China share of revenue 898.6 / 5,246.4 = 17.1% (FY2017); 1,215.9 / 6,224.7 = 19.5%; 1,316.3 / 5,991.1 = 22.0%; 1,348.0 / 5,603.1 = 24.1%; 1,614.4 / 7,318.3 = 22.1%; 2,563.5 / 12,014.0 = 21.3%; 2,229.6 / 12,305.5 = 18.1%; 2,128.8 / 9,427.2 = 22.6%; 2,858.3 / 11,019.7 = 25.9% (FY2025); China growth 2,858.3 / 2,128.8 - 1 = +34.3%; United States growth 3,238.1 / 2,840.4 - 1 = +14.0%; China over United States 2,858.3 / 3,238.1 = 88%; United States share 3,238.1 / 11,019.7 = 29.4% (FY2025), 4,165.3 / 12,305.5 = 33.8% (FY2023). Customers: distributors at 10% or more FY2024 24% + 12% + 12% = 48%; FY2025 24% + 13% = 37% (a second distributor below 10%). Acquisitions and balance sheet: Linear price 15.8bn / FY2016 revenue 3.42bn = 4.6 times; goodwill FY2017 12,217.5 / FY2016 1,679.1 = 7.3 times; goodwill 1 August 2026 27,988.7 / FY2015 1,636.5 = 17.1 times; Maxim goodwill added 26,918.5 - 12,278.4 = 14,640.1, about $14.6bn; Linear plus Maxim 15.8 + 28.0 = 43.8, about $44bn; goodwill and intangibles (26,945.2 + 8,013.8) / 47,992.7 = 72.8% (1 November 2025); (27,988.7 + 7,468.2 = 35,456.9) / 48,424.4 = 73.2% (1 August 2026); other assets 47,992.7 - 26,945.2 - 8,013.8 = 13,033.7; market value over equity 191.61bn / 33.55bn = 5.7 times; over goodwill 191.61 / 27.99 = 6.8 times; amortisation fall FY2026 to FY2030 1,537.5 - 404.2 = 1,133.3; Empower plus Alif 1.5 + 1.35 + 0.2 = 3.05bn; Empower 1.5 / total assets 48.4 = 3%. Cash: free cash flow = operating cash flow less capital expenditure: FY2015 907.8 - 154.0 = 753.8 (21.9% of revenue); FY2016 1,291.3 - 127.4 = 1,163.9 (34.0%); FY2017 1,154.4 - 204.1 = 950.3 (18.1%); FY2018 2,442.4 - 254.9 = 2,187.5 (35.1%); FY2019 2,253.1 - 275.4 = 1,977.7 (33.0%); FY2020 2,008.5 - 165.7 = 1,842.8 (32.9%); FY2021 2,735.1 - 343.7 = 2,391.4 (32.7%); FY2022 4,475.4 - 699.3 = 3,776.1 (31.4%); FY2023 4,817.6 - 1,261.5 = 3,556.1 (28.9%); FY2024 3,852.5 - 730.5 = 3,122.0 (33.1%); FY2025 4,278.6 / 11,019.7 = 38.8%; TTM August 2026 4,937.5 / 13,881.5 = 36%. Capital expenditure as a share of revenue: FY2015 4.5%, FY2016 3.7%, FY2017 3.9%, FY2018 4.1%, FY2019 4.6%, FY2020 3.0%, FY2021 4.7%, FY2022 699.3 / 12,014.0 = 5.8%, FY2023 1,261.5 / 12,305.5 = 10.3%, FY2024 730.5 / 9,427.2 = 7.7%, FY2025 533.6 / 11,019.7 = 4.8%, TTM 607.8 / 13,881.5 = 4.4%; FY2025 over FY2023 533.6 / 1,261.5 = 42%. Cash returned over free cash flow: FY2021 (1,109.3 dividends + 2,605.1 buybacks) / 2,391.4 = 155%; FY2022 (1,544.6 + 2,577.0) / 3,776.1 = 109%; FY2023 (1,679.1 + 2,964.0) / 3,556.1 = 131%; FY2024 (1,795.5 + 615.6) / 3,122.0 = 77%; FY2025 (1,924.4 + 2,164.6) / 4,278.6 = 96%; TTM 5,170 / 4,937.5 = 105%. Buybacks FY2024 615.6 / FY2023 2,964.0 = 21%, a fall of 79%; FY2021-FY2025 2,605.1 + 2,577.0 + 2,964.0 + 615.6 + 2,164.6 = 10,926.3, about $11bn. Dividends per share over diluted EPS: FY2015 1.57 / 2.20 = 71%; FY2018 1.89 / 4.00 = 47%; FY2020 2.40 / 3.28 = 73%; FY2022 2.97 / 5.25 = 57%; FY2023 3.34 / 6.55 = 51%; FY2024 3.62 / 3.28 = 110%; FY2025 3.89 / 4.56 = 85%. Dividend per share growth (3.89 / 1.57) ^ (1/10) - 1 = 9.5% a year. Shares outstanding 484,565,465 / 496,296,854 - 1 = -2.4%; 484,565,465 / 489,654,097 - 1 = -1.0%. Debt: net debt 1 November 2025 = long-term debt 8,145.1 + commercial paper 446.6 - cash 2,499.4 - short-term investments 1,152.9 = 4,939.4; 1 August 2026 = 6,771.6 + 1,344.9 + 1,005.1 - 2,165.9 - 159.1 = 6,796.6; net debt over trailing free cash flow 6,796.6 / 4,937.5 = 1.4 times; cash and short-term investments 2,499.4 + 1,152.9 = 3,652.3 (FY2025 end) and 2,165.9 + 159.1 = 2,324.9 (1 August 2026); commercial paper 1,005.1 / 446.6 = 2.25 times. Working capital: receivables 2,389.6 / 1,436.1 - 1 = +66.4%; inventories 1,931.5 / 1,656.3 - 1 = +16.6%. Earnings and valuation: trailing net income to August 2026 = FY2025 2,267.3 - nine months FY2025 1,479.6 + nine months FY2026 3,347.3 = 4,135.0; market value 191.61bn / 4,135.0 = 46.3 times; FY2026 EPS build reported 6.83 + 3.14 = 9.97, adjusted 8.99 + 3.86 = 12.85; Q4 adjusted EPS guide low end 3.86 - 0.15 = 3.71. Year-end market value over fiscal-year net income: 17.26bn / 696.9 = 24.8 (FY2015); 32.82bn / 805.4 = 40.8 (FY2017); 31.77bn / 1,507.0 = 21.1 (FY2018); 54.58bn / 1,220.8 = 44.7 (FY2020); 92.34bn / 1,390.4 = 66.4 (FY2021); 83.54bn / 2,748.6 = 30.4 (FY2022); 98.54bn / 3,314.6 = 29.7 (FY2023); 105.44bn / 1,635.3 = 64.5 (FY2024); 132.79bn / 2,267.3 = 58.6 (FY2025). Additional: Q3 FY2025 shares of revenue Industrial 1,293.0 / 2,880.3 = 44.9%, Consumer 375.4 / 2,880.3 = 13.0%; Q3 FY2026 Industrial 1,971.9 / 4,021.9 = 49.0%; Industrial share Q1 FY2025 1,080.7 / 2,423.2 = 44.6%; Industrial Q3 FY2026 over Q1 FY2025 1,971.9 / 1,080.7 = 1.82 times, about 82% higher. Consumer growth Q1 FY2026 399.8 / 314.7 - 1 = +27%; Q2 FY2026 397.8 / 323.1 - 1 = +23%. Return on equity FY2025 2,267.3 / average (35,176.3 + 33,815.8) / 2 = 6.6%; FY2024 1,635.3 / average (35,565.1 + 35,176.3) / 2 = 4.6%. Customer relationships net of amortisation 10,335.9 - 5,311.2 = 5,024.7. Dividends paid 1,924.4 / 491.1 = 3.9 times. Regions FY2025 against FY2023: Japan 989.9 / 1,397.1 - 1 = -29.1%; Europe 2,285.6 / 3,001.9 - 1 = -23.9%; China 2,858.3 / 2,229.6 - 1 = +28.2%; rest of Asia 1,485.3 against 1,423.0; United States 3,238.1 against 4,165.3. Share price 395.43 / 445.91 - 1 = -11.3% from the 52-week high; 445.91 / 223.47 = 2.0 times; price-to-sales end FY2022 83.54bn / 12,014.0 = 7.0; trailing Communications 2,075.8 against FY2022 1,855.3. Competitors: Texas Instruments 2025 free cash flow 2,938 / revenue 17,682 = 16.6%; ADI 38.8% - 16.6% = 22.2 points; ADI revenue 11,019.7 / TI 17,682 = 62%; capital expenditure 4,550 / 533.6 = 8.5 times - free cash flow, capital returns, debt and working capital. — FY2015-Q3 FY2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
   Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Analog Devices Forms 10-K, 10-Q and results releases, SEC XBRL, and the Texas Instruments 2025 Form 10-K; each operand is stated in the source line.
2. Moat Explorer calcNet debt was about $4,939 million at the end of fiscal 2025 and about $6,797 million at 1 August 2026, on long-term debt of $6,771.6 million, current debt of $1,344.9 million and commercial paper of $1,005.1 million against cash and short-term investments of about $2,324.9 million.
   Moat Explorer calculation from Analog Devices reported figures ($ millions unless stated; fiscal years ending late October or early November). Revenue growth: FY2025 11,019.7 / 9,427.2 - 1 = +16.9%; FY2024 9,427.2 / 12,305.5 - 1 = -23.4%; FY2023 12,305.5 / 12,014.0 - 1 = +2.4%; FY2022 12,014.0 / 7,318.3 - 1 = +64.2%; FY2021 7,318.3 / 5,603.1 - 1 = +30.6%; FY2020 5,603.1 / 5,991.1 - 1 = -6.5%; FY2019 5,991.1 / 6,224.7 - 1 = -3.8%; FY2024 revenue fall 12,305.5 - 9,427.2 = 2,878.3, about $2.9bn; FY2026 implied 10,805.6 + 4,300 = 15,105.6, about $15.1bn, 15,105.6 / 11,019.7 - 1 = +37%, 15,105.6 / 12,305.5 - 1 = +23%; Q3 FY2026 quarterly revenue 4,021.9 / 3,076.1 - 1 = +30.7% on Q4 FY2025; 4,021.9 / 2,423.2 = 1.66 times Q1 FY2025. Operating income: FY2024 2,032.8 / 3,823.1 - 1 = -46.8%, a fall of 3,823.1 - 2,032.8 = 1,790.3, about $1.8bn. Gross profit FY2024 5,381.3 / 7,877.2 - 1 = -31.7%. Gross margin FY2015 2,259.3 / 3,435.1 = 65.8%; FY2016 2,227.2 / 3,421.4 = 65.1%; reported gross margin range FY2015-FY2025 57.1% (FY2024) to 68.3% (FY2018); Q3 FY2026 adjusted less reported 72.5 - 67.3 = 5.2 points. Acquisition-related expenses Q3 FY2026 209.2 (cost of sales) + 188.6 (operating expenses) = 397.8; nine months FY2026 619.4 + 565.1 = 1,184.5. People: revenue per employee FY2021 7,318.3 / 24,700 = about $296,000; FY2022 12,014.0 / 24,450 = $491,000; FY2024 9,427.2 / 24,000 = $393,000; FY2025 11,019.7 / 24,500 = $450,000; engineers 13,000 / 24,500 = 53% (FY2025), 11,000 / 24,700 = 45% (FY2021); engineers added 13,000 - 11,000 = 2,000. R&D as a share of revenue: FY2015 637.5 / 3,435.1 = 18.6%; FY2016 653.8 / 3,421.4 = 19.1%; FY2017 968.1 / 5,246.4 = 18.5%; FY2018 1,165.0 / 6,224.7 = 18.7%; FY2019 1,130.3 / 5,991.1 = 18.9%; FY2020 1,050.5 / 5,603.1 = 18.7%; FY2021 1,296.1 / 7,318.3 = 17.7%; FY2022 1,700.5 / 12,014.0 = 14.2%; FY2023 1,660.2 / 12,305.5 = 13.5%; FY2024 1,487.9 / 9,427.2 = 15.8%; FY2025 1,766.0 / 11,019.7 = 16.0%; Q3 FY2026 533.5 / 4,021.9 = 13.3%; R&D FY2024 1,487.9 / 1,700.5 - 1 = -12.5%. End markets: FY2024 over FY2023 Industrial 4,290.3 / 6,565.4 - 1 = -34.7%; Communications 1,091.4 / 1,591.6 - 1 = -31.4%; Automotive 2,837.5 / 2,904.0 - 1 = -2.3%; Consumer 1,207.9 / 1,244.6 - 1 = -3.0%. FY2025 over FY2024 Industrial 4,929.4 / 4,290.3 - 1 = +14.9%; Automotive 3,277.9 / 2,837.5 - 1 = +15.5%; Communications 1,377.9 / 1,091.4 - 1 = +26.2%; Consumer 1,434.6 / 1,207.9 - 1 = +18.8%. FY2017 to FY2025: Industrial 4,929.4 / 2,324.7 = 2.12 times, 9.9% a year; Automotive 3,277.9 / 758.1 = 4.3 times, 20.1% a year; Communications 1,377.9 / 908.6 = 1.52 times, 5.3% a year; Consumer 1,434.6 / 1,255.0 = 1.14 times, 1.7% a year. Consumer share 1,255.0 / 5,246.4 = 23.9% (FY2017), 933.8 / 6,224.7 = 15.0%, 752.3 / 5,991.1 = 12.6%, 624.9 / 5,603.1 = 11.2%, 1,519.9 / 12,014.0 = 12.7%, 1,244.6 / 12,305.5 = 10.1%, 1,434.6 / 11,019.7 = 13.0% (FY2025), Q3 FY2026 397.2 / 4,021.9 = 9.9%. Automotive share 3,277.9 / 11,019.7 = 29.7% (FY2025), Q3 FY2025 857.1 / 2,880.3 = 29.8%, Q3 FY2026 998.2 / 4,021.9 = 24.8%. Communications share Q3 FY2025 354.8 / 2,880.3 = 12.3%, Q3 FY2026 654.5 / 4,021.9 = 16.3%. Industrial plus Communications (4,929.4 + 1,377.9) / 11,019.7 = 57.2% (FY2025); Q3 FY2026 (1,971.9 + 654.5 = 2,626.4) / 4,021.9 = 65.3%. Trailing twelve months to August 2026 (Q4 FY2025 + Q1 + Q2 + Q3 FY2026): Industrial 1,426.5 + 1,489.3 + 1,799.4 + 1,971.9 = 6,687.1; Automotive 852.2 + 794.4 + 871.6 + 998.2 = 3,516.4; Communications 389.8 + 476.8 + 554.7 + 654.5 = 2,075.8; Consumer 407.5 + 399.8 + 397.8 + 397.2 = 1,602.3. Distributor revenue Q3 FY2026 2,327.1 / 1,592.4 - 1 = +46.1%. Geography: China share of revenue 898.6 / 5,246.4 = 17.1% (FY2017); 1,215.9 / 6,224.7 = 19.5%; 1,316.3 / 5,991.1 = 22.0%; 1,348.0 / 5,603.1 = 24.1%; 1,614.4 / 7,318.3 = 22.1%; 2,563.5 / 12,014.0 = 21.3%; 2,229.6 / 12,305.5 = 18.1%; 2,128.8 / 9,427.2 = 22.6%; 2,858.3 / 11,019.7 = 25.9% (FY2025); China growth 2,858.3 / 2,128.8 - 1 = +34.3%; United States growth 3,238.1 / 2,840.4 - 1 = +14.0%; China over United States 2,858.3 / 3,238.1 = 88%; United States share 3,238.1 / 11,019.7 = 29.4% (FY2025), 4,165.3 / 12,305.5 = 33.8% (FY2023). Customers: distributors at 10% or more FY2024 24% + 12% + 12% = 48%; FY2025 24% + 13% = 37% (a second distributor below 10%). Acquisitions and balance sheet: Linear price 15.8bn / FY2016 revenue 3.42bn = 4.6 times; goodwill FY2017 12,217.5 / FY2016 1,679.1 = 7.3 times; goodwill 1 August 2026 27,988.7 / FY2015 1,636.5 = 17.1 times; Maxim goodwill added 26,918.5 - 12,278.4 = 14,640.1, about $14.6bn; Linear plus Maxim 15.8 + 28.0 = 43.8, about $44bn; goodwill and intangibles (26,945.2 + 8,013.8) / 47,992.7 = 72.8% (1 November 2025); (27,988.7 + 7,468.2 = 35,456.9) / 48,424.4 = 73.2% (1 August 2026); other assets 47,992.7 - 26,945.2 - 8,013.8 = 13,033.7; market value over equity 191.61bn / 33.55bn = 5.7 times; over goodwill 191.61 / 27.99 = 6.8 times; amortisation fall FY2026 to FY2030 1,537.5 - 404.2 = 1,133.3; Empower plus Alif 1.5 + 1.35 + 0.2 = 3.05bn; Empower 1.5 / total assets 48.4 = 3%. Cash: free cash flow = operating cash flow less capital expenditure: FY2015 907.8 - 154.0 = 753.8 (21.9% of revenue); FY2016 1,291.3 - 127.4 = 1,163.9 (34.0%); FY2017 1,154.4 - 204.1 = 950.3 (18.1%); FY2018 2,442.4 - 254.9 = 2,187.5 (35.1%); FY2019 2,253.1 - 275.4 = 1,977.7 (33.0%); FY2020 2,008.5 - 165.7 = 1,842.8 (32.9%); FY2021 2,735.1 - 343.7 = 2,391.4 (32.7%); FY2022 4,475.4 - 699.3 = 3,776.1 (31.4%); FY2023 4,817.6 - 1,261.5 = 3,556.1 (28.9%); FY2024 3,852.5 - 730.5 = 3,122.0 (33.1%); FY2025 4,278.6 / 11,019.7 = 38.8%; TTM August 2026 4,937.5 / 13,881.5 = 36%. Capital expenditure as a share of revenue: FY2015 4.5%, FY2016 3.7%, FY2017 3.9%, FY2018 4.1%, FY2019 4.6%, FY2020 3.0%, FY2021 4.7%, FY2022 699.3 / 12,014.0 = 5.8%, FY2023 1,261.5 / 12,305.5 = 10.3%, FY2024 730.5 / 9,427.2 = 7.7%, FY2025 533.6 / 11,019.7 = 4.8%, TTM 607.8 / 13,881.5 = 4.4%; FY2025 over FY2023 533.6 / 1,261.5 = 42%. Cash returned over free cash flow: FY2021 (1,109.3 dividends + 2,605.1 buybacks) / 2,391.4 = 155%; FY2022 (1,544.6 + 2,577.0) / 3,776.1 = 109%; FY2023 (1,679.1 + 2,964.0) / 3,556.1 = 131%; FY2024 (1,795.5 + 615.6) / 3,122.0 = 77%; FY2025 (1,924.4 + 2,164.6) / 4,278.6 = 96%; TTM 5,170 / 4,937.5 = 105%. Buybacks FY2024 615.6 / FY2023 2,964.0 = 21%, a fall of 79%; FY2021-FY2025 2,605.1 + 2,577.0 + 2,964.0 + 615.6 + 2,164.6 = 10,926.3, about $11bn. Dividends per share over diluted EPS: FY2015 1.57 / 2.20 = 71%; FY2018 1.89 / 4.00 = 47%; FY2020 2.40 / 3.28 = 73%; FY2022 2.97 / 5.25 = 57%; FY2023 3.34 / 6.55 = 51%; FY2024 3.62 / 3.28 = 110%; FY2025 3.89 / 4.56 = 85%. Dividend per share growth (3.89 / 1.57) ^ (1/10) - 1 = 9.5% a year. Shares outstanding 484,565,465 / 496,296,854 - 1 = -2.4%; 484,565,465 / 489,654,097 - 1 = -1.0%. Debt: net debt 1 November 2025 = long-term debt 8,145.1 + commercial paper 446.6 - cash 2,499.4 - short-term investments 1,152.9 = 4,939.4; 1 August 2026 = 6,771.6 + 1,344.9 + 1,005.1 - 2,165.9 - 159.1 = 6,796.6; net debt over trailing free cash flow 6,796.6 / 4,937.5 = 1.4 times; cash and short-term investments 2,499.4 + 1,152.9 = 3,652.3 (FY2025 end) and 2,165.9 + 159.1 = 2,324.9 (1 August 2026); commercial paper 1,005.1 / 446.6 = 2.25 times. Working capital: receivables 2,389.6 / 1,436.1 - 1 = +66.4%; inventories 1,931.5 / 1,656.3 - 1 = +16.6%. Earnings and valuation: trailing net income to August 2026 = FY2025 2,267.3 - nine months FY2025 1,479.6 + nine months FY2026 3,347.3 = 4,135.0; market value 191.61bn / 4,135.0 = 46.3 times; FY2026 EPS build reported 6.83 + 3.14 = 9.97, adjusted 8.99 + 3.86 = 12.85; Q4 adjusted EPS guide low end 3.86 - 0.15 = 3.71. Year-end market value over fiscal-year net income: 17.26bn / 696.9 = 24.8 (FY2015); 32.82bn / 805.4 = 40.8 (FY2017); 31.77bn / 1,507.0 = 21.1 (FY2018); 54.58bn / 1,220.8 = 44.7 (FY2020); 92.34bn / 1,390.4 = 66.4 (FY2021); 83.54bn / 2,748.6 = 30.4 (FY2022); 98.54bn / 3,314.6 = 29.7 (FY2023); 105.44bn / 1,635.3 = 64.5 (FY2024); 132.79bn / 2,267.3 = 58.6 (FY2025). Additional: Q3 FY2025 shares of revenue Industrial 1,293.0 / 2,880.3 = 44.9%, Consumer 375.4 / 2,880.3 = 13.0%; Q3 FY2026 Industrial 1,971.9 / 4,021.9 = 49.0%; Industrial share Q1 FY2025 1,080.7 / 2,423.2 = 44.6%; Industrial Q3 FY2026 over Q1 FY2025 1,971.9 / 1,080.7 = 1.82 times, about 82% higher. Consumer growth Q1 FY2026 399.8 / 314.7 - 1 = +27%; Q2 FY2026 397.8 / 323.1 - 1 = +23%. Return on equity FY2025 2,267.3 / average (35,176.3 + 33,815.8) / 2 = 6.6%; FY2024 1,635.3 / average (35,565.1 + 35,176.3) / 2 = 4.6%. Customer relationships net of amortisation 10,335.9 - 5,311.2 = 5,024.7. Dividends paid 1,924.4 / 491.1 = 3.9 times. Regions FY2025 against FY2023: Japan 989.9 / 1,397.1 - 1 = -29.1%; Europe 2,285.6 / 3,001.9 - 1 = -23.9%; China 2,858.3 / 2,229.6 - 1 = +28.2%; rest of Asia 1,485.3 against 1,423.0; United States 3,238.1 against 4,165.3. Share price 395.43 / 445.91 - 1 = -11.3% from the 52-week high; 445.91 / 223.47 = 2.0 times; price-to-sales end FY2022 83.54bn / 12,014.0 = 7.0; trailing Communications 2,075.8 against FY2022 1,855.3. Competitors: Texas Instruments 2025 free cash flow 2,938 / revenue 17,682 = 16.6%; ADI 38.8% - 16.6% = 22.2 points; ADI revenue 11,019.7 / TI 17,682 = 62%; capital expenditure 4,550 / 533.6 = 8.5 times - free cash flow, capital returns, debt and working capital. — FY2015-Q3 FY2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
   Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Analog Devices Forms 10-K, 10-Q and results releases, SEC XBRL, and the Texas Instruments 2025 Form 10-K; each operand is stated in the source line.
3. ReportedNet debt was about $4,939 million at the end of fiscal 2025 and about $6,797 million at 1 August 2026, on long-term debt of $6,771.6 million, current debt of $1,344.9 million and commercial paper of $1,005.1 million against cash and short-term investments of about $2,324.9 million.
   Analog Devices third-quarter fiscal 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue by end market, margins, EPS, cash flow, balance sheet and fourth-quarter guidance - cash flow, capital returns and balance sheet. — Q3 FY2026 · publ. 19 August 2026 · source ↗
4. ReportedThe company paid $1,500.2 million for Empower in the third quarter, and it returned $5,170 million over the trailing twelve months against free cash flow of $4,937.5 million.
   Analog Devices third-quarter fiscal 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue by end market, margins, EPS, cash flow, balance sheet and fourth-quarter guidance - cash flow, capital returns and balance sheet. — Q3 FY2026 · publ. 19 August 2026 · source ↗
5. ReportedThe company paid $1,500.2 million for Empower in the third quarter, and it returned $5,170 million over the trailing twelve months against free cash flow of $4,937.5 million.
   Analog Devices third-quarter fiscal 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue by end market, margins, EPS, cash flow, balance sheet and fourth-quarter guidance - cash flow, capital returns and balance sheet. — Q3 FY2026 · publ. 19 August 2026 · source ↗
6. ReportedThen it borrowed more: on 17 September 2026 it issued $3.0 billion of senior notes due between 2029 and 2036, and in July it arranged "a 364-day revolving credit facility" of up to $3.0 billion.
   Analog Devices Form 8-K of 17 September 2026 - issue of $3.0 billion of senior notes due 2029, 2031, 2033 and 2036. — September 2026 · publ. 17 September 2026 · source ↗
7. ReportedThen it borrowed more: on 17 September 2026 it issued $3.0 billion of senior notes due between 2029 and 2036, and in July it arranged "a 364-day revolving credit facility" of up to $3.0 billion.
   Analog Devices Form 8-K of 2 July 2026 - a 364-day revolving credit facility of up to $3.0 billion. — July 2026 · publ. 2 July 2026 · source ↗
8. Moat Explorer calcNet debt of $6.8 billion is less than one and a half years of free cash flow, and shareholders' equity was $33,550.9 million.
   Moat Explorer calculation from Analog Devices reported figures ($ millions unless stated; fiscal years ending late October or early November). Revenue growth: FY2025 11,019.7 / 9,427.2 - 1 = +16.9%; FY2024 9,427.2 / 12,305.5 - 1 = -23.4%; FY2023 12,305.5 / 12,014.0 - 1 = +2.4%; FY2022 12,014.0 / 7,318.3 - 1 = +64.2%; FY2021 7,318.3 / 5,603.1 - 1 = +30.6%; FY2020 5,603.1 / 5,991.1 - 1 = -6.5%; FY2019 5,991.1 / 6,224.7 - 1 = -3.8%; FY2024 revenue fall 12,305.5 - 9,427.2 = 2,878.3, about $2.9bn; FY2026 implied 10,805.6 + 4,300 = 15,105.6, about $15.1bn, 15,105.6 / 11,019.7 - 1 = +37%, 15,105.6 / 12,305.5 - 1 = +23%; Q3 FY2026 quarterly revenue 4,021.9 / 3,076.1 - 1 = +30.7% on Q4 FY2025; 4,021.9 / 2,423.2 = 1.66 times Q1 FY2025. Operating income: FY2024 2,032.8 / 3,823.1 - 1 = -46.8%, a fall of 3,823.1 - 2,032.8 = 1,790.3, about $1.8bn. Gross profit FY2024 5,381.3 / 7,877.2 - 1 = -31.7%. Gross margin FY2015 2,259.3 / 3,435.1 = 65.8%; FY2016 2,227.2 / 3,421.4 = 65.1%; reported gross margin range FY2015-FY2025 57.1% (FY2024) to 68.3% (FY2018); Q3 FY2026 adjusted less reported 72.5 - 67.3 = 5.2 points. Acquisition-related expenses Q3 FY2026 209.2 (cost of sales) + 188.6 (operating expenses) = 397.8; nine months FY2026 619.4 + 565.1 = 1,184.5. People: revenue per employee FY2021 7,318.3 / 24,700 = about $296,000; FY2022 12,014.0 / 24,450 = $491,000; FY2024 9,427.2 / 24,000 = $393,000; FY2025 11,019.7 / 24,500 = $450,000; engineers 13,000 / 24,500 = 53% (FY2025), 11,000 / 24,700 = 45% (FY2021); engineers added 13,000 - 11,000 = 2,000. R&D as a share of revenue: FY2015 637.5 / 3,435.1 = 18.6%; FY2016 653.8 / 3,421.4 = 19.1%; FY2017 968.1 / 5,246.4 = 18.5%; FY2018 1,165.0 / 6,224.7 = 18.7%; FY2019 1,130.3 / 5,991.1 = 18.9%; FY2020 1,050.5 / 5,603.1 = 18.7%; FY2021 1,296.1 / 7,318.3 = 17.7%; FY2022 1,700.5 / 12,014.0 = 14.2%; FY2023 1,660.2 / 12,305.5 = 13.5%; FY2024 1,487.9 / 9,427.2 = 15.8%; FY2025 1,766.0 / 11,019.7 = 16.0%; Q3 FY2026 533.5 / 4,021.9 = 13.3%; R&D FY2024 1,487.9 / 1,700.5 - 1 = -12.5%. End markets: FY2024 over FY2023 Industrial 4,290.3 / 6,565.4 - 1 = -34.7%; Communications 1,091.4 / 1,591.6 - 1 = -31.4%; Automotive 2,837.5 / 2,904.0 - 1 = -2.3%; Consumer 1,207.9 / 1,244.6 - 1 = -3.0%. FY2025 over FY2024 Industrial 4,929.4 / 4,290.3 - 1 = +14.9%; Automotive 3,277.9 / 2,837.5 - 1 = +15.5%; Communications 1,377.9 / 1,091.4 - 1 = +26.2%; Consumer 1,434.6 / 1,207.9 - 1 = +18.8%. FY2017 to FY2025: Industrial 4,929.4 / 2,324.7 = 2.12 times, 9.9% a year; Automotive 3,277.9 / 758.1 = 4.3 times, 20.1% a year; Communications 1,377.9 / 908.6 = 1.52 times, 5.3% a year; Consumer 1,434.6 / 1,255.0 = 1.14 times, 1.7% a year. Consumer share 1,255.0 / 5,246.4 = 23.9% (FY2017), 933.8 / 6,224.7 = 15.0%, 752.3 / 5,991.1 = 12.6%, 624.9 / 5,603.1 = 11.2%, 1,519.9 / 12,014.0 = 12.7%, 1,244.6 / 12,305.5 = 10.1%, 1,434.6 / 11,019.7 = 13.0% (FY2025), Q3 FY2026 397.2 / 4,021.9 = 9.9%. Automotive share 3,277.9 / 11,019.7 = 29.7% (FY2025), Q3 FY2025 857.1 / 2,880.3 = 29.8%, Q3 FY2026 998.2 / 4,021.9 = 24.8%. Communications share Q3 FY2025 354.8 / 2,880.3 = 12.3%, Q3 FY2026 654.5 / 4,021.9 = 16.3%. Industrial plus Communications (4,929.4 + 1,377.9) / 11,019.7 = 57.2% (FY2025); Q3 FY2026 (1,971.9 + 654.5 = 2,626.4) / 4,021.9 = 65.3%. Trailing twelve months to August 2026 (Q4 FY2025 + Q1 + Q2 + Q3 FY2026): Industrial 1,426.5 + 1,489.3 + 1,799.4 + 1,971.9 = 6,687.1; Automotive 852.2 + 794.4 + 871.6 + 998.2 = 3,516.4; Communications 389.8 + 476.8 + 554.7 + 654.5 = 2,075.8; Consumer 407.5 + 399.8 + 397.8 + 397.2 = 1,602.3. Distributor revenue Q3 FY2026 2,327.1 / 1,592.4 - 1 = +46.1%. Geography: China share of revenue 898.6 / 5,246.4 = 17.1% (FY2017); 1,215.9 / 6,224.7 = 19.5%; 1,316.3 / 5,991.1 = 22.0%; 1,348.0 / 5,603.1 = 24.1%; 1,614.4 / 7,318.3 = 22.1%; 2,563.5 / 12,014.0 = 21.3%; 2,229.6 / 12,305.5 = 18.1%; 2,128.8 / 9,427.2 = 22.6%; 2,858.3 / 11,019.7 = 25.9% (FY2025); China growth 2,858.3 / 2,128.8 - 1 = +34.3%; United States growth 3,238.1 / 2,840.4 - 1 = +14.0%; China over United States 2,858.3 / 3,238.1 = 88%; United States share 3,238.1 / 11,019.7 = 29.4% (FY2025), 4,165.3 / 12,305.5 = 33.8% (FY2023). Customers: distributors at 10% or more FY2024 24% + 12% + 12% = 48%; FY2025 24% + 13% = 37% (a second distributor below 10%). Acquisitions and balance sheet: Linear price 15.8bn / FY2016 revenue 3.42bn = 4.6 times; goodwill FY2017 12,217.5 / FY2016 1,679.1 = 7.3 times; goodwill 1 August 2026 27,988.7 / FY2015 1,636.5 = 17.1 times; Maxim goodwill added 26,918.5 - 12,278.4 = 14,640.1, about $14.6bn; Linear plus Maxim 15.8 + 28.0 = 43.8, about $44bn; goodwill and intangibles (26,945.2 + 8,013.8) / 47,992.7 = 72.8% (1 November 2025); (27,988.7 + 7,468.2 = 35,456.9) / 48,424.4 = 73.2% (1 August 2026); other assets 47,992.7 - 26,945.2 - 8,013.8 = 13,033.7; market value over equity 191.61bn / 33.55bn = 5.7 times; over goodwill 191.61 / 27.99 = 6.8 times; amortisation fall FY2026 to FY2030 1,537.5 - 404.2 = 1,133.3; Empower plus Alif 1.5 + 1.35 + 0.2 = 3.05bn; Empower 1.5 / total assets 48.4 = 3%. Cash: free cash flow = operating cash flow less capital expenditure: FY2015 907.8 - 154.0 = 753.8 (21.9% of revenue); FY2016 1,291.3 - 127.4 = 1,163.9 (34.0%); FY2017 1,154.4 - 204.1 = 950.3 (18.1%); FY2018 2,442.4 - 254.9 = 2,187.5 (35.1%); FY2019 2,253.1 - 275.4 = 1,977.7 (33.0%); FY2020 2,008.5 - 165.7 = 1,842.8 (32.9%); FY2021 2,735.1 - 343.7 = 2,391.4 (32.7%); FY2022 4,475.4 - 699.3 = 3,776.1 (31.4%); FY2023 4,817.6 - 1,261.5 = 3,556.1 (28.9%); FY2024 3,852.5 - 730.5 = 3,122.0 (33.1%); FY2025 4,278.6 / 11,019.7 = 38.8%; TTM August 2026 4,937.5 / 13,881.5 = 36%. Capital expenditure as a share of revenue: FY2015 4.5%, FY2016 3.7%, FY2017 3.9%, FY2018 4.1%, FY2019 4.6%, FY2020 3.0%, FY2021 4.7%, FY2022 699.3 / 12,014.0 = 5.8%, FY2023 1,261.5 / 12,305.5 = 10.3%, FY2024 730.5 / 9,427.2 = 7.7%, FY2025 533.6 / 11,019.7 = 4.8%, TTM 607.8 / 13,881.5 = 4.4%; FY2025 over FY2023 533.6 / 1,261.5 = 42%. Cash returned over free cash flow: FY2021 (1,109.3 dividends + 2,605.1 buybacks) / 2,391.4 = 155%; FY2022 (1,544.6 + 2,577.0) / 3,776.1 = 109%; FY2023 (1,679.1 + 2,964.0) / 3,556.1 = 131%; FY2024 (1,795.5 + 615.6) / 3,122.0 = 77%; FY2025 (1,924.4 + 2,164.6) / 4,278.6 = 96%; TTM 5,170 / 4,937.5 = 105%. Buybacks FY2024 615.6 / FY2023 2,964.0 = 21%, a fall of 79%; FY2021-FY2025 2,605.1 + 2,577.0 + 2,964.0 + 615.6 + 2,164.6 = 10,926.3, about $11bn. Dividends per share over diluted EPS: FY2015 1.57 / 2.20 = 71%; FY2018 1.89 / 4.00 = 47%; FY2020 2.40 / 3.28 = 73%; FY2022 2.97 / 5.25 = 57%; FY2023 3.34 / 6.55 = 51%; FY2024 3.62 / 3.28 = 110%; FY2025 3.89 / 4.56 = 85%. Dividend per share growth (3.89 / 1.57) ^ (1/10) - 1 = 9.5% a year. Shares outstanding 484,565,465 / 496,296,854 - 1 = -2.4%; 484,565,465 / 489,654,097 - 1 = -1.0%. Debt: net debt 1 November 2025 = long-term debt 8,145.1 + commercial paper 446.6 - cash 2,499.4 - short-term investments 1,152.9 = 4,939.4; 1 August 2026 = 6,771.6 + 1,344.9 + 1,005.1 - 2,165.9 - 159.1 = 6,796.6; net debt over trailing free cash flow 6,796.6 / 4,937.5 = 1.4 times; cash and short-term investments 2,499.4 + 1,152.9 = 3,652.3 (FY2025 end) and 2,165.9 + 159.1 = 2,324.9 (1 August 2026); commercial paper 1,005.1 / 446.6 = 2.25 times. Working capital: receivables 2,389.6 / 1,436.1 - 1 = +66.4%; inventories 1,931.5 / 1,656.3 - 1 = +16.6%. Earnings and valuation: trailing net income to August 2026 = FY2025 2,267.3 - nine months FY2025 1,479.6 + nine months FY2026 3,347.3 = 4,135.0; market value 191.61bn / 4,135.0 = 46.3 times; FY2026 EPS build reported 6.83 + 3.14 = 9.97, adjusted 8.99 + 3.86 = 12.85; Q4 adjusted EPS guide low end 3.86 - 0.15 = 3.71. Year-end market value over fiscal-year net income: 17.26bn / 696.9 = 24.8 (FY2015); 32.82bn / 805.4 = 40.8 (FY2017); 31.77bn / 1,507.0 = 21.1 (FY2018); 54.58bn / 1,220.8 = 44.7 (FY2020); 92.34bn / 1,390.4 = 66.4 (FY2021); 83.54bn / 2,748.6 = 30.4 (FY2022); 98.54bn / 3,314.6 = 29.7 (FY2023); 105.44bn / 1,635.3 = 64.5 (FY2024); 132.79bn / 2,267.3 = 58.6 (FY2025). Additional: Q3 FY2025 shares of revenue Industrial 1,293.0 / 2,880.3 = 44.9%, Consumer 375.4 / 2,880.3 = 13.0%; Q3 FY2026 Industrial 1,971.9 / 4,021.9 = 49.0%; Industrial share Q1 FY2025 1,080.7 / 2,423.2 = 44.6%; Industrial Q3 FY2026 over Q1 FY2025 1,971.9 / 1,080.7 = 1.82 times, about 82% higher. Consumer growth Q1 FY2026 399.8 / 314.7 - 1 = +27%; Q2 FY2026 397.8 / 323.1 - 1 = +23%. Return on equity FY2025 2,267.3 / average (35,176.3 + 33,815.8) / 2 = 6.6%; FY2024 1,635.3 / average (35,565.1 + 35,176.3) / 2 = 4.6%. Customer relationships net of amortisation 10,335.9 - 5,311.2 = 5,024.7. Dividends paid 1,924.4 / 491.1 = 3.9 times. Regions FY2025 against FY2023: Japan 989.9 / 1,397.1 - 1 = -29.1%; Europe 2,285.6 / 3,001.9 - 1 = -23.9%; China 2,858.3 / 2,229.6 - 1 = +28.2%; rest of Asia 1,485.3 against 1,423.0; United States 3,238.1 against 4,165.3. Share price 395.43 / 445.91 - 1 = -11.3% from the 52-week high; 445.91 / 223.47 = 2.0 times; price-to-sales end FY2022 83.54bn / 12,014.0 = 7.0; trailing Communications 2,075.8 against FY2022 1,855.3. Competitors: Texas Instruments 2025 free cash flow 2,938 / revenue 17,682 = 16.6%; ADI 38.8% - 16.6% = 22.2 points; ADI revenue 11,019.7 / TI 17,682 = 62%; capital expenditure 4,550 / 533.6 = 8.5 times - free cash flow, capital returns, debt and working capital. — FY2015-Q3 FY2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
   Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Analog Devices Forms 10-K, 10-Q and results releases, SEC XBRL, and the Texas Instruments 2025 Form 10-K; each operand is stated in the source line.
9. ReportedNet debt of $6.8 billion is less than one and a half years of free cash flow, and shareholders' equity was $33,550.9 million.
   Analog Devices third-quarter fiscal 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 - revenue by end market, margins, EPS, cash flow, balance sheet and fourth-quarter guidance - cash flow, capital returns and balance sheet. — Q3 FY2026 · publ. 19 August 2026 · source ↗
10. ReportedThe covenant requires earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation to cover interest by more than three times.
    Analog Devices Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 1 August 2026 - end-market and channel revenue, the Empower acquisition, the Penang sale, the buyback authorisation and the chief operating decision maker. — Q3 FY2026 · publ. 19 August 2026 · source ↗

• Analog Devices Form 10-K, FY2025