The Airwaves on the Balance SheetWide moat

Verizon (VZ) — moat facet

Spectrum keeps a fourth national network out of America, but the $53 billion C-Band bill cut Verizon's return on capital from 11% to 7%.

The deepest barrier around Verizon is legal: nobody can run a national wireless network without licences to use the airwaves, and the government sells them rarely. Verizon's licences were carried at $158,159 million on 30 June 2026, 38.6% of total assets12. Add the towers, the fibre that connects them and the permits to put radios on rooftops, and a new national network would take many years to assemble.

Verizon wireless licences at period end ($bn)156.6Dec 2024157.0Dec 2025158.2Jun 2026Verizon Q4 2025 and Q2 2026 results releases, balance sheets
The licence balance only goes one way, because licences are not amortised.

That barrier is why there are three national carriers and not six. It is also why Verizon keeps buying: C-Band for about $53.0 billion including clearing costs34, UScellular spectrum for $1.0 billion in June 2026 and 82 AWS-3 licences valued at about $3.2 billion the same month5.

The four pages below test it. C-Band: Fifty-Three Billion Dollars of Airwaves is the big purchase. Licences Worth 39 Percent of the Balance Sheet is the asset itself. Capital Spending Fell From $23 Billion to $17 Billion is the harvest now that the build is done. Fixed Wireless: Selling the Spare Capacity is the one new product the airwaves made possible.

The weakness is the price of the barrier. Return on invested capital was 11.3% in 2019 and 7.1% in 20256, because the capital grew and the operating income did not. A moat that must be refilled with $50 billion auctions every few years protects the castle, but charges the owner rent to do it.

The licences are also a balance-sheet anchor for lenders. Wireless licences of $158,159 million against total equity of $105,196 million7 mean the permits are worth half as much again as the shareholders' stake8. Every auction that adds to them adds to the capital base on which the return must be earned, and to the debt, since spectrum has mostly been bought with borrowed money9.

The facet stays wide, because the airwaves cannot be replicated. What would narrow it is capital intensity rising again: if spectrum purchases and capital spending together exceed 20% of revenue in a year without revenue growth above 3%, the barrier will be costing more than it keeps out.

Moat trajectory: Holding steady

Licences $158.2bn, 38.6% of assets; ROIC 7.1% in 2025.

The number that tests this moat
Moat Explorer calc
Wireless service revenue per dollar of licences, full year
about $0.53 (2025: $83,703M over $157,039M of licences)

What the airwaves earn; below $0.50 as new purchases are added would mean spectrum is bought faster than it is sold.

How it's calculated: Wireless service revenue divided by year-end wireless licences, Verizon Q4 2025 results release.
Source: Moat Explorer calculation from Verizon filings ↗
Aspects of the moat
DIG DEEPER 01
C-Band: Fifty-Three Billion Dollars of Airwaves
Verizon paid about $53 billion for C-Band airwaves in 2021, and five years later its operating income is still below the 2019 level.
DIG DEEPER 02
Licences Worth 39 Percent of the Balance Sheet
Wireless licences are 39% of Verizon's assets, a barrier that keeps new national networks out but does nothing about the two already in.
DIG DEEPER 03
Capital Spending Fell From $23 Billion to $17 Billion
Verizon's free cash flow rose by $6 billion from 2022 to 2025 almost entirely because capital spending fell, not because the business earned more.
DIG DEEPER 04
Fixed Wireless: Selling the Spare Capacity
Fixed wireless turns C-Band's spare capacity into home internet for 6.2 million customers without digging a trench, but it can only grow where the…
⚠ Threats to the moat
⚠ THREAT 01
The Return Fell to the Cost of Capital
Verizon's return on invested capital fell from about 11% to about 7% in six years, roughly its cost of capital, so the moat now protects value rather…
⚠ THREAT 02
Interest Rose Faster Than Profit
Verizon's interest bill rose 21% in two years and another 21% in the June 2026 quarter, as C-Band came into service and Frontier's debt arrived.
References
  1. ReportedVerizon's licences were carried at $158,159 million on 30 June 2026, 38.6% of total assets.
    Verizon second-quarter 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99 - consolidated and segment results, operating statistics, cash flow, balance sheet and guidance - cash flow, balance sheet, capital returns and guidance. — Q2 2026 · publ. 24 July 2026 · source ↗
  2. Moat Explorer calcVerizon's licences were carried at $158,159 million on 30 June 2026, 38.6% of total assets.
    Moat Explorer calculation from Verizon's reported figures ($ millions unless stated; calendar years). Revenue and profit over the decade: revenue 2015-2025 (138,191 / 131,620) ^ (1/10) - 1 = about 0.5% a year; 138,191 / 131,620 - 1 = +5.0%; range 138,191 - 125,980 = about 12.2bn; 2027 revenue of 142bn would need (142 / 138.191) ^ (1/2) - 1 = about 1.4% a year; operating income 29,259 / 30,615 - 1 = -4.4%; net income 17,174 / 17,879 - 1 = -3.9%; diluted EPS 4.06 / 4.37 - 1 = -7.1%; total assets 404,258 / 244,175 - 1 = +65.6%. Segments 2025: Consumer share of segment operating income 29,628 / (29,628 + 2,532 = 32,160) = 92.1% (2024 29,484 / 31,542 = 93.5%; 2023 29,011 / 31,077 = 93.4%); Business share 2,532 / 32,160 = 7.9%; Q2 2026 Consumer 8,032 / (8,032 + 991 = 9,023) = 89.0%, Q2 2025 7,643 / (7,643 + 724 = 8,367) = 91.3%; Consumer operating margin 29,628 / 106,807 = 27.7%, Business 2,532 / 29,069 = 8.7%; Business share of segment revenue 29,069 / 135,876 = 21.4%; shared network and service costs 17,991 + 9,717 = 27,708, Business share 9,717 / 27,708 = 35.1%; Consumer share of segment EBITDA 43,801 / (43,801 + 6,644) = 86.8%; Consumer revenue 2025 106,807 / 102,904 - 1 = +3.8%, 2023-2025 106,807 / 101,626 - 1 = +5.1%; Consumer service revenue 80,617 / 77,127 - 1 = +4.5%; Consumer equipment 21,779 - 23,930 = -2,151, about 2.2bn below cost; Business revenue 29,069 / 30,122 - 1 = -3.5%; Enterprise and Public Sector 13,532 / 15,076 - 1 = -10.2%; Business Markets and Other 13,555 / 12,697 - 1 = +6.8%; Wholesale 1,953 / 2,313 - 1 = -15.6%; institutional and wholesale decline (15,076 - 13,532) + (2,313 - 1,953) = 1,904; Q2 2026 Consumer revenue 26,242 / 26,648 - 1 = -1.5%; Business revenue 7,155 / 6,973 - 1 = +2.6%; restatement 7,275 - 6,973 = 302 a quarter; mobility and broadband service revenue 2025 75,923 + 14,940 = 90,863. Customers: T-Mobile postpaid accounts 34,700 - 34,237 = 463 more than Verizon; T-Mobile 34,700 / 31,502 - 1 = +10.2%, 34,700 - 31,502 = 3,198; Verizon accounts 34,237 - 34,646 = -409, -1.2%; ARPA premium 168.35 / 152.91 - 1 = +10.1%; cable lines 10,187 + 12,540 = about 22.7 million; cable Q2 net adds 448 + 406 = 854 thousand, 854 / 184 = 4.6 times; Q2 net adds share 184 / (184 + 432 + 448 + 406 = 1,470) = 12.5%; fibre net adds 155 / 367 = 42%; annual churn at 0.92% a month 0.92 x 12 = 11.0%, about one customer in ten; 0.1 point on 94 million = about 94 thousand phones a month; prepaid churn 3.59 / 0.92 = 3.9 times; prepaid annual loss 1 - (1 - 0.0359) ^ 12 = 35.5%, average life 1 / 0.0359 = 27.9 months, a little over two years; revenue per postpaid line 170.62 / 3.67 = 46.49 (2025), 167.26 / 3.61 = 46.33 (2024); ARPA 2025 170.62 / 167.26 - 1 = +2.0%; ARPA Q2 2026 168.35 / 170.79 - 1 = -1.4%; ARPA H1 2026 167.50 / 170.30 - 1 = -1.6%; wireless service revenue 83,703 / 82,073 - 1 = +2.0%; wireless service share of revenue 83,703 / 138,191 = 60.6%; FWA revenue 2,940 / 2,139 - 1 = +37.4%; FWA revenue share 2,940 / 138,191 = 2.1%; fibre annualised 155 x 4 = 620 thousand; passings 2.0 / 30 = 6.7%; passings to fill 2,000 / 620 = 3.2 times. Spectrum and capital: C-Band 45.5 + 7.5 = 53.0bn; licences share of assets 158,159 / 410,186 = 38.6%; licences over goodwill 158,159 / 30,664 = 5.2 times; licences over equity 158,159 / 105,196 = 1.5 times; wireless service revenue per dollar of licences 83,703 / 157,039 = 0.53; spectrum bought June 2026 1.0 + 3.2 = 4.2bn; capex / revenue 17,011 / 138,191 = 12.3% (2025), 23,087 / 136,835 = 16.9% (2022); capex 17,011 / 23,087 - 1 = -26.3%; capex less depreciation 17,011 - 18,349 = -1,338; ROIC averages 2015-2019 (10.8 + 9.1 + 12.7 + 8.2 + 11.3) / 5 = 10.4%, 2021-2025 (8.7 + 7.3 + 5.0 + 7.0 + 7.1) / 5 = 7.0%; interest expense 6,694 / 5,524 - 1 = +21.2% (2023-2025); Q2 interest 1,985 / 1,639 - 1 = +21.1%; interest / operating income 6,694 / 29,259 = 22.9%. Cost, cash and capital returns: employees 89.9 / 99.6 - 1 = -9.7%; severance 533 + 1,733 + 1,715 + 397 = 4,378, about 4.4bn; adjusted EBITDA margin 49,997 / 138,191 = 36.2% (2025), 48,791 / 134,788 = 36.2% (2024); Q2 2026 operating income 7,179 / 8,172 - 1 = -12.2%; free cash flow Q2 6,426 / 5,167 - 1 = +24.4%; adjusted EPS less diluted EPS 4.71 - 4.06 = 0.65; phones sold below cost 28,976 - 25,470 = 3,506, about 3.5bn; dividends / free cash flow 11,481 / 20,126 = 57.0% (2025), 5,864 / 10,209 = 57.4% (H1 2026); dividends / net income 11,481 / 17,174 = 66.9%; dividends per share 2.735 / 2.230 - 1 = +22.6%, (2.735 / 2.230) ^ (1/10) - 1 = 2.1% a year; dividend cost a quarter 0.7075 x 4,155 = about 2,940; buyback average 3,500 / 72.047 = about $48.58 a share; shares 4,155 / 4,217 - 1 = -1.5%; free cash flow yield 21.53 / 193.94 = 11.1%; cash returned about (11.5 + 4.5) / 193.94 = 8.2% of market value; net unsecured debt 128,682 - 110,053 = 18,629; backlog 55.2 / 58.1 - 1 = -5.0%; backlog months 58.1 / 138.191 x 12 = about 5.0; device receivables 34,004 / 31,308 - 1 = +8.6%, allowance 1,628 / 1,315 - 1 = +23.8%; TracFone 3.5 + 3.0 = 6.5bn plus up to 0.65bn. Valuation: Frontier price / market value 22.3 / 193.94 = 11.5%; market value 193.94 / 253.94 - 1 = -23.6% (against end-2019), 193.94 / 188.06 - 1 = +3.1% (against end-2015); target 51.58 / 46.68 - 1 = +10.5%; year-end market value over net income 188.06 / 17.879 = 10.5 (2015), 217.61 / 13.127 = 16.6 (2016), 215.92 / 30.101 = 7.2 (2017), 232.30 / 15.528 = 15.0 (2018), 253.94 / 19.265 = 13.2 (2019), 243.11 / 17.801 = 13.7 (2020), 215.12 / 22.065 = 9.7 (2021), 165.47 / 21.256 = 7.8 (2022), 158.49 / 11.614 = 13.6 (2023), 168.34 / 17.506 = 9.6 (2024), 171.74 / 17.174 = 10.0 (2025); trailing twelve months to June 2026 revenue 138,191 - 67,989 + 68,693 = 138,895, net income 17,174 - 9,882 + 8,880 = 16,172, 193.94 / 16.172 = 12.0, 193.94 / 138.895 = 1.40 - spectrum, capital spending, interest and return on capital. — 2015-2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
    Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Verizon's Forms 10-K and 10-Q, quarterly results releases, the recast segment revenue 8-K, peer results releases (T-Mobile, AT&T, Comcast, Charter) and market data; operands shown in the source line.
  3. ReportedIt is also why Verizon keeps buying: C-Band for about $53.0 billion including clearing costs, UScellular spectrum for $1.0 billion in June 2026 and 82 AWS-3 licences valued at about $3.2 billion the same month.
    Verizon Communications Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal 2023 - the C-Band licence payments and the $5.8 billion Business goodwill impairment. — FY2023 · publ. February 2024 · source ↗
  4. Moat Explorer calcIt is also why Verizon keeps buying: C-Band for about $53.0 billion including clearing costs, UScellular spectrum for $1.0 billion in June 2026 and 82 AWS-3 licences valued at about $3.2 billion the same month.
    Moat Explorer calculation from Verizon's reported figures ($ millions unless stated; calendar years). Revenue and profit over the decade: revenue 2015-2025 (138,191 / 131,620) ^ (1/10) - 1 = about 0.5% a year; 138,191 / 131,620 - 1 = +5.0%; range 138,191 - 125,980 = about 12.2bn; 2027 revenue of 142bn would need (142 / 138.191) ^ (1/2) - 1 = about 1.4% a year; operating income 29,259 / 30,615 - 1 = -4.4%; net income 17,174 / 17,879 - 1 = -3.9%; diluted EPS 4.06 / 4.37 - 1 = -7.1%; total assets 404,258 / 244,175 - 1 = +65.6%. Segments 2025: Consumer share of segment operating income 29,628 / (29,628 + 2,532 = 32,160) = 92.1% (2024 29,484 / 31,542 = 93.5%; 2023 29,011 / 31,077 = 93.4%); Business share 2,532 / 32,160 = 7.9%; Q2 2026 Consumer 8,032 / (8,032 + 991 = 9,023) = 89.0%, Q2 2025 7,643 / (7,643 + 724 = 8,367) = 91.3%; Consumer operating margin 29,628 / 106,807 = 27.7%, Business 2,532 / 29,069 = 8.7%; Business share of segment revenue 29,069 / 135,876 = 21.4%; shared network and service costs 17,991 + 9,717 = 27,708, Business share 9,717 / 27,708 = 35.1%; Consumer share of segment EBITDA 43,801 / (43,801 + 6,644) = 86.8%; Consumer revenue 2025 106,807 / 102,904 - 1 = +3.8%, 2023-2025 106,807 / 101,626 - 1 = +5.1%; Consumer service revenue 80,617 / 77,127 - 1 = +4.5%; Consumer equipment 21,779 - 23,930 = -2,151, about 2.2bn below cost; Business revenue 29,069 / 30,122 - 1 = -3.5%; Enterprise and Public Sector 13,532 / 15,076 - 1 = -10.2%; Business Markets and Other 13,555 / 12,697 - 1 = +6.8%; Wholesale 1,953 / 2,313 - 1 = -15.6%; institutional and wholesale decline (15,076 - 13,532) + (2,313 - 1,953) = 1,904; Q2 2026 Consumer revenue 26,242 / 26,648 - 1 = -1.5%; Business revenue 7,155 / 6,973 - 1 = +2.6%; restatement 7,275 - 6,973 = 302 a quarter; mobility and broadband service revenue 2025 75,923 + 14,940 = 90,863. Customers: T-Mobile postpaid accounts 34,700 - 34,237 = 463 more than Verizon; T-Mobile 34,700 / 31,502 - 1 = +10.2%, 34,700 - 31,502 = 3,198; Verizon accounts 34,237 - 34,646 = -409, -1.2%; ARPA premium 168.35 / 152.91 - 1 = +10.1%; cable lines 10,187 + 12,540 = about 22.7 million; cable Q2 net adds 448 + 406 = 854 thousand, 854 / 184 = 4.6 times; Q2 net adds share 184 / (184 + 432 + 448 + 406 = 1,470) = 12.5%; fibre net adds 155 / 367 = 42%; annual churn at 0.92% a month 0.92 x 12 = 11.0%, about one customer in ten; 0.1 point on 94 million = about 94 thousand phones a month; prepaid churn 3.59 / 0.92 = 3.9 times; prepaid annual loss 1 - (1 - 0.0359) ^ 12 = 35.5%, average life 1 / 0.0359 = 27.9 months, a little over two years; revenue per postpaid line 170.62 / 3.67 = 46.49 (2025), 167.26 / 3.61 = 46.33 (2024); ARPA 2025 170.62 / 167.26 - 1 = +2.0%; ARPA Q2 2026 168.35 / 170.79 - 1 = -1.4%; ARPA H1 2026 167.50 / 170.30 - 1 = -1.6%; wireless service revenue 83,703 / 82,073 - 1 = +2.0%; wireless service share of revenue 83,703 / 138,191 = 60.6%; FWA revenue 2,940 / 2,139 - 1 = +37.4%; FWA revenue share 2,940 / 138,191 = 2.1%; fibre annualised 155 x 4 = 620 thousand; passings 2.0 / 30 = 6.7%; passings to fill 2,000 / 620 = 3.2 times. Spectrum and capital: C-Band 45.5 + 7.5 = 53.0bn; licences share of assets 158,159 / 410,186 = 38.6%; licences over goodwill 158,159 / 30,664 = 5.2 times; licences over equity 158,159 / 105,196 = 1.5 times; wireless service revenue per dollar of licences 83,703 / 157,039 = 0.53; spectrum bought June 2026 1.0 + 3.2 = 4.2bn; capex / revenue 17,011 / 138,191 = 12.3% (2025), 23,087 / 136,835 = 16.9% (2022); capex 17,011 / 23,087 - 1 = -26.3%; capex less depreciation 17,011 - 18,349 = -1,338; ROIC averages 2015-2019 (10.8 + 9.1 + 12.7 + 8.2 + 11.3) / 5 = 10.4%, 2021-2025 (8.7 + 7.3 + 5.0 + 7.0 + 7.1) / 5 = 7.0%; interest expense 6,694 / 5,524 - 1 = +21.2% (2023-2025); Q2 interest 1,985 / 1,639 - 1 = +21.1%; interest / operating income 6,694 / 29,259 = 22.9%. Cost, cash and capital returns: employees 89.9 / 99.6 - 1 = -9.7%; severance 533 + 1,733 + 1,715 + 397 = 4,378, about 4.4bn; adjusted EBITDA margin 49,997 / 138,191 = 36.2% (2025), 48,791 / 134,788 = 36.2% (2024); Q2 2026 operating income 7,179 / 8,172 - 1 = -12.2%; free cash flow Q2 6,426 / 5,167 - 1 = +24.4%; adjusted EPS less diluted EPS 4.71 - 4.06 = 0.65; phones sold below cost 28,976 - 25,470 = 3,506, about 3.5bn; dividends / free cash flow 11,481 / 20,126 = 57.0% (2025), 5,864 / 10,209 = 57.4% (H1 2026); dividends / net income 11,481 / 17,174 = 66.9%; dividends per share 2.735 / 2.230 - 1 = +22.6%, (2.735 / 2.230) ^ (1/10) - 1 = 2.1% a year; dividend cost a quarter 0.7075 x 4,155 = about 2,940; buyback average 3,500 / 72.047 = about $48.58 a share; shares 4,155 / 4,217 - 1 = -1.5%; free cash flow yield 21.53 / 193.94 = 11.1%; cash returned about (11.5 + 4.5) / 193.94 = 8.2% of market value; net unsecured debt 128,682 - 110,053 = 18,629; backlog 55.2 / 58.1 - 1 = -5.0%; backlog months 58.1 / 138.191 x 12 = about 5.0; device receivables 34,004 / 31,308 - 1 = +8.6%, allowance 1,628 / 1,315 - 1 = +23.8%; TracFone 3.5 + 3.0 = 6.5bn plus up to 0.65bn. Valuation: Frontier price / market value 22.3 / 193.94 = 11.5%; market value 193.94 / 253.94 - 1 = -23.6% (against end-2019), 193.94 / 188.06 - 1 = +3.1% (against end-2015); target 51.58 / 46.68 - 1 = +10.5%; year-end market value over net income 188.06 / 17.879 = 10.5 (2015), 217.61 / 13.127 = 16.6 (2016), 215.92 / 30.101 = 7.2 (2017), 232.30 / 15.528 = 15.0 (2018), 253.94 / 19.265 = 13.2 (2019), 243.11 / 17.801 = 13.7 (2020), 215.12 / 22.065 = 9.7 (2021), 165.47 / 21.256 = 7.8 (2022), 158.49 / 11.614 = 13.6 (2023), 168.34 / 17.506 = 9.6 (2024), 171.74 / 17.174 = 10.0 (2025); trailing twelve months to June 2026 revenue 138,191 - 67,989 + 68,693 = 138,895, net income 17,174 - 9,882 + 8,880 = 16,172, 193.94 / 16.172 = 12.0, 193.94 / 138.895 = 1.40 - spectrum, capital spending, interest and return on capital. — 2015-2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
    Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Verizon's Forms 10-K and 10-Q, quarterly results releases, the recast segment revenue 8-K, peer results releases (T-Mobile, AT&T, Comcast, Charter) and market data; operands shown in the source line.
  5. ReportedIt is also why Verizon keeps buying: C-Band for about $53.0 billion including clearing costs, UScellular spectrum for $1.0 billion in June 2026 and 82 AWS-3 licences valued at about $3.2 billion the same month.
    Verizon Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 30 June 2026 - Frontier purchase accounting, buybacks, spectrum purchases and remaining performance obligations. — Q2 2026 · publ. 31 July 2026 · source ↗
  6. Moat Explorer calcReturn on invested capital was 11.3% in 2019 and 7.1% in 2025, because the capital grew and the operating income did not.
    Moat Explorer calculation, repo method (tools_roic_edgar.py run on a scratch copy with CIK 732712) on SEC EDGAR XBRL: return on invested capital 10.8% (2015), 9.1% (2016), 12.7% (2017), 8.2% (2018), 11.3% (2019), 8.8% (2020), 8.7% (2021), 7.3% (2022), 5.0% (2023), 7.0% (2024), 7.1% (2025). — FY2015-FY2025 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
    Method: NOPAT (operating income times one minus the effective tax rate, clamped 0-35%) divided by average operating invested capital (total assets less current liabilities less cash), SEC EDGAR XBRL. 2017 is flattered because the tax-reform benefit clamps the rate to zero; 2021 onward carries about $53 billion of C-Band licences and clearing costs in invested capital; 2023 is cut by the $5.8 billion goodwill impairment.
  7. ReportedWireless licences of $158,159 million against total equity of $105,196 million mean the permits are worth half as much again as the shareholders' stake.
    Verizon second-quarter 2026 results release, Form 8-K exhibit 99 - consolidated and segment results, operating statistics, cash flow, balance sheet and guidance - cash flow, balance sheet, capital returns and guidance. — Q2 2026 · publ. 24 July 2026 · source ↗
  8. Moat Explorer calcWireless licences of $158,159 million against total equity of $105,196 million mean the permits are worth half as much again as the shareholders' stake.
    Moat Explorer calculation from Verizon's reported figures ($ millions unless stated; calendar years). Revenue and profit over the decade: revenue 2015-2025 (138,191 / 131,620) ^ (1/10) - 1 = about 0.5% a year; 138,191 / 131,620 - 1 = +5.0%; range 138,191 - 125,980 = about 12.2bn; 2027 revenue of 142bn would need (142 / 138.191) ^ (1/2) - 1 = about 1.4% a year; operating income 29,259 / 30,615 - 1 = -4.4%; net income 17,174 / 17,879 - 1 = -3.9%; diluted EPS 4.06 / 4.37 - 1 = -7.1%; total assets 404,258 / 244,175 - 1 = +65.6%. Segments 2025: Consumer share of segment operating income 29,628 / (29,628 + 2,532 = 32,160) = 92.1% (2024 29,484 / 31,542 = 93.5%; 2023 29,011 / 31,077 = 93.4%); Business share 2,532 / 32,160 = 7.9%; Q2 2026 Consumer 8,032 / (8,032 + 991 = 9,023) = 89.0%, Q2 2025 7,643 / (7,643 + 724 = 8,367) = 91.3%; Consumer operating margin 29,628 / 106,807 = 27.7%, Business 2,532 / 29,069 = 8.7%; Business share of segment revenue 29,069 / 135,876 = 21.4%; shared network and service costs 17,991 + 9,717 = 27,708, Business share 9,717 / 27,708 = 35.1%; Consumer share of segment EBITDA 43,801 / (43,801 + 6,644) = 86.8%; Consumer revenue 2025 106,807 / 102,904 - 1 = +3.8%, 2023-2025 106,807 / 101,626 - 1 = +5.1%; Consumer service revenue 80,617 / 77,127 - 1 = +4.5%; Consumer equipment 21,779 - 23,930 = -2,151, about 2.2bn below cost; Business revenue 29,069 / 30,122 - 1 = -3.5%; Enterprise and Public Sector 13,532 / 15,076 - 1 = -10.2%; Business Markets and Other 13,555 / 12,697 - 1 = +6.8%; Wholesale 1,953 / 2,313 - 1 = -15.6%; institutional and wholesale decline (15,076 - 13,532) + (2,313 - 1,953) = 1,904; Q2 2026 Consumer revenue 26,242 / 26,648 - 1 = -1.5%; Business revenue 7,155 / 6,973 - 1 = +2.6%; restatement 7,275 - 6,973 = 302 a quarter; mobility and broadband service revenue 2025 75,923 + 14,940 = 90,863. Customers: T-Mobile postpaid accounts 34,700 - 34,237 = 463 more than Verizon; T-Mobile 34,700 / 31,502 - 1 = +10.2%, 34,700 - 31,502 = 3,198; Verizon accounts 34,237 - 34,646 = -409, -1.2%; ARPA premium 168.35 / 152.91 - 1 = +10.1%; cable lines 10,187 + 12,540 = about 22.7 million; cable Q2 net adds 448 + 406 = 854 thousand, 854 / 184 = 4.6 times; Q2 net adds share 184 / (184 + 432 + 448 + 406 = 1,470) = 12.5%; fibre net adds 155 / 367 = 42%; annual churn at 0.92% a month 0.92 x 12 = 11.0%, about one customer in ten; 0.1 point on 94 million = about 94 thousand phones a month; prepaid churn 3.59 / 0.92 = 3.9 times; prepaid annual loss 1 - (1 - 0.0359) ^ 12 = 35.5%, average life 1 / 0.0359 = 27.9 months, a little over two years; revenue per postpaid line 170.62 / 3.67 = 46.49 (2025), 167.26 / 3.61 = 46.33 (2024); ARPA 2025 170.62 / 167.26 - 1 = +2.0%; ARPA Q2 2026 168.35 / 170.79 - 1 = -1.4%; ARPA H1 2026 167.50 / 170.30 - 1 = -1.6%; wireless service revenue 83,703 / 82,073 - 1 = +2.0%; wireless service share of revenue 83,703 / 138,191 = 60.6%; FWA revenue 2,940 / 2,139 - 1 = +37.4%; FWA revenue share 2,940 / 138,191 = 2.1%; fibre annualised 155 x 4 = 620 thousand; passings 2.0 / 30 = 6.7%; passings to fill 2,000 / 620 = 3.2 times. Spectrum and capital: C-Band 45.5 + 7.5 = 53.0bn; licences share of assets 158,159 / 410,186 = 38.6%; licences over goodwill 158,159 / 30,664 = 5.2 times; licences over equity 158,159 / 105,196 = 1.5 times; wireless service revenue per dollar of licences 83,703 / 157,039 = 0.53; spectrum bought June 2026 1.0 + 3.2 = 4.2bn; capex / revenue 17,011 / 138,191 = 12.3% (2025), 23,087 / 136,835 = 16.9% (2022); capex 17,011 / 23,087 - 1 = -26.3%; capex less depreciation 17,011 - 18,349 = -1,338; ROIC averages 2015-2019 (10.8 + 9.1 + 12.7 + 8.2 + 11.3) / 5 = 10.4%, 2021-2025 (8.7 + 7.3 + 5.0 + 7.0 + 7.1) / 5 = 7.0%; interest expense 6,694 / 5,524 - 1 = +21.2% (2023-2025); Q2 interest 1,985 / 1,639 - 1 = +21.1%; interest / operating income 6,694 / 29,259 = 22.9%. Cost, cash and capital returns: employees 89.9 / 99.6 - 1 = -9.7%; severance 533 + 1,733 + 1,715 + 397 = 4,378, about 4.4bn; adjusted EBITDA margin 49,997 / 138,191 = 36.2% (2025), 48,791 / 134,788 = 36.2% (2024); Q2 2026 operating income 7,179 / 8,172 - 1 = -12.2%; free cash flow Q2 6,426 / 5,167 - 1 = +24.4%; adjusted EPS less diluted EPS 4.71 - 4.06 = 0.65; phones sold below cost 28,976 - 25,470 = 3,506, about 3.5bn; dividends / free cash flow 11,481 / 20,126 = 57.0% (2025), 5,864 / 10,209 = 57.4% (H1 2026); dividends / net income 11,481 / 17,174 = 66.9%; dividends per share 2.735 / 2.230 - 1 = +22.6%, (2.735 / 2.230) ^ (1/10) - 1 = 2.1% a year; dividend cost a quarter 0.7075 x 4,155 = about 2,940; buyback average 3,500 / 72.047 = about $48.58 a share; shares 4,155 / 4,217 - 1 = -1.5%; free cash flow yield 21.53 / 193.94 = 11.1%; cash returned about (11.5 + 4.5) / 193.94 = 8.2% of market value; net unsecured debt 128,682 - 110,053 = 18,629; backlog 55.2 / 58.1 - 1 = -5.0%; backlog months 58.1 / 138.191 x 12 = about 5.0; device receivables 34,004 / 31,308 - 1 = +8.6%, allowance 1,628 / 1,315 - 1 = +23.8%; TracFone 3.5 + 3.0 = 6.5bn plus up to 0.65bn. Valuation: Frontier price / market value 22.3 / 193.94 = 11.5%; market value 193.94 / 253.94 - 1 = -23.6% (against end-2019), 193.94 / 188.06 - 1 = +3.1% (against end-2015); target 51.58 / 46.68 - 1 = +10.5%; year-end market value over net income 188.06 / 17.879 = 10.5 (2015), 217.61 / 13.127 = 16.6 (2016), 215.92 / 30.101 = 7.2 (2017), 232.30 / 15.528 = 15.0 (2018), 253.94 / 19.265 = 13.2 (2019), 243.11 / 17.801 = 13.7 (2020), 215.12 / 22.065 = 9.7 (2021), 165.47 / 21.256 = 7.8 (2022), 158.49 / 11.614 = 13.6 (2023), 168.34 / 17.506 = 9.6 (2024), 171.74 / 17.174 = 10.0 (2025); trailing twelve months to June 2026 revenue 138,191 - 67,989 + 68,693 = 138,895, net income 17,174 - 9,882 + 8,880 = 16,172, 193.94 / 16.172 = 12.0, 193.94 / 138.895 = 1.40 - spectrum, capital spending, interest and return on capital. — 2015-2026 · publ. September 2026 · source ↗
    Method: Arithmetic on figures reported in Verizon's Forms 10-K and 10-Q, quarterly results releases, the recast segment revenue 8-K, peer results releases (T-Mobile, AT&T, Comcast, Charter) and market data; operands shown in the source line.
  9. ReportedEvery auction that adds to them adds to the capital base on which the return must be earned, and to the debt, since spectrum has mostly been bought with borrowed money.
    Verizon Communications Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal 2025 (year ended 31 December 2025) - wireless licences, C-Band and spectrum holdings. — FY2025 · publ. 17 February 2026 · source ↗
Sources
Generated September 29, 2026