The Year CIB Passed CCBNarrow moat

JPMorgan Chase (JPM) — moat facet

2025 was the first year the wholesale bank out-earned the consumer bank, which quietly swapped an annuity for a cycle at the centre of the company.

A quiet milestone in the 2025 results changes what this company is.

Segment revenue, $bn$70.1bnCCB 2023$64.4bnCIB 2023$76.0bnCCB 2025$78.5bnCIB 2025The crossover happened in 2025, and CIB revenue grew a further 27% in the June 2026 quarter.
An annuity and a cycle swapped places at the centre of the company.

Commercial & Investment Bank revenue reached $78.5 billion against Consumer & Community Banking's $76.0 billion1, the first year the wholesale side has been larger. It was driven by investment banking fees and a markets business that grew 17% in the fourth quarter2, and it accelerated into 2026: in the June quarter CIB revenue rose 27%, with markets revenue up 35% and equity markets up 86%3.

That matters because the two businesses have completely different characters. Consumer banking is an annuity — deposits, cards, mortgages, all of it recurring and slow. Investment banking and trading are cyclical, dependent on deal volumes and market volatility, and capable of a bad year for reasons nobody at the firm controls.

A company whose largest segment has shifted from the annuity to the cycle is a slightly different investment, priced on a slightly different multiple.

The counterweight is that JPMorgan holds the top position in the cyclical business: it ranked first for global investment banking fees with an 8.4% wallet share in 2025 and 9.3% year to date in 20264.

The number to watch is the split itself. If CIB keeps outgrowing CCB, the earnings become more volatile even as they grow — and volatility is what a bank's multiple is mostly about.

Moat trajectory: Narrowing

The wholesale bank overtaking the consumer bank moves the centre of the company from an annuity to a cycle. CIB revenue grew 27% in the June quarter on markets up 35% — excellent, and not the kind of growth that compounds reliably.

The number that tests this moat
Reported
CIB revenue against CCB revenue
$78.5bn vs $76.0bn — first time

The wholesale bank overtook the consumer bank in 2025 and accelerated in 2026, with CIB revenue up 27% in the June quarter. The two have opposite characters: one is an annuity, the other a cycle. A company whose largest segment has shifted from the first to the second deserves a different multiple.

Source: JPMorgan Chase Form 10-K, FY2025 ↗
⚠ Threats to the moat
⚠ THREAT 01
Markets Revenue Is Not a Franchise, It Is a Year
Equity markets revenue rose 86 percent in a quarter on conditions nobody at the firm controls, which is why banks trade at low multiples of peak…
References
  1. ReportedSegment total net revenue in 2025: CIB $78,454M, CCB $76,029M, AWM $24,073M, of $182,447M in total.
    JPMorgan Chase & Co., Form 10-K FY2025 — consolidated financial statements and management's discussion (SEC, CIK 19617). Total net revenue $182,447M (2024 $177,556M, 2023 $158,104M); total noninterest expense $95,640M (2023 $87,172M); pre-provision profit $86,807M; provision for credit losses $14,212M; net income $57,048M; diluted EPS $20.02; ROE 17%, ROTCE 20% (2024 22%, 2023 21%); overhead ratio 52% (2024 52%, 2023 55%); loans-to-deposits 58% (56%, 55%); deposits 63% of total liabilities. Total assets $4,424,900M, loans $1,493,429M, deposits $2,559,320M, tangible common equity $290,018M, book value per share $126.99, tangible book value per share $107.56, dividends declared per share $5.80 (2024 $4.80, 2023 $4.10). Segment total net revenue: CCB $76,029M / $71,507M / $70,148M; CIB $78,454M / $70,114M / $64,353M; AWM $24,073M / $21,578M / $19,827M. Banking & Payments by client coverage: Global Corporate Banking and Global Investment Banking $25,285M, Commercial Banking $11,851M. Deposit average balances and rates: US non-interest-bearing $572,014M (2024 $611,734M, 2023 $635,791M); US interest-bearing demand $321,145M at 3.26%; US savings $875,519M at 1.41%; total deposits 1.80% (2024 2.08%, 2023 1.70%). An estimated bargain purchase gain of $2.8bn was recorded for the year ended 31 December 2023 on the First Republic acquisition, with a further $588M First Republic-related gain in the first quarter of 2025; 2024 revenue included a $7.9bn net gain on Visa shares. — FY2025 · publ. 2026-02-13 · source ↗
  2. ReportedMarkets revenue rose 17% in the fourth quarter of 2025 and investment banking fees fell 5% year on year.
    JPMorgan Chase & Co., fourth-quarter and full-year 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K, exhibit 99.1) — fourth-quarter net income $13.0bn ($4.63 per share), or $14.7bn ($5.23) excluding a significant item; full-year 2025 net income $57.0bn ($20.02 per share), 2025 ROE 17% and ROTCE 20%. Fourth-quarter reported revenue $45.8bn and managed revenue $46.8bn; net interest income $25.1bn, up 7%; expense $24.0bn; credit costs $4.7bn with $2.5bn of net charge-offs. CET1 Standardized 14.5% and Advanced 14.1%, total loss-absorbing capacity $564bn, Standardized RWA $2.0tn, cash and marketable securities $1.5tn; book value per share $126.99 up 9% and tangible book value per share $107.56 up 11%; Basel III CET1 capital $288bn; supplementary leverage ratio 5.8%; net payout over the last twelve months 82%. Segment returns: CCB 4Q ROE 25% and 2025 ROE 32% with a Card Services net charge-off rate of 3.14%, debit and credit card sales volume up 7% and active mobile customers up 7%; CIB 4Q ROE 19% and 2025 ROE 18%, investment banking fees down 5% year on year with a #1 ranking for global investment banking fees at 8.4% wallet share for the year, markets revenue up 17%; AWM 4Q ROE 44% and 2025 ROE 40%, AUM $4.8tn up 18%. Payments revenue reached a record $5.1bn. In 2025 the firm opened 1.7 million net new checking accounts and 10.4 million new credit card accounts and grew wealth management households to over 3 million. The significant item in 4Q25 was a $2.2bn credit reserve established for the forward purchase commitment of the Apple credit card portfolio, a $0.60 decrease in EPS. — Q4 and FY2025 · publ. 2026-01-13 · source ↗
  3. ReportedIn the June 2026 quarter CIB revenue rose 27%, markets revenue 35% and equity markets 86%, with investment banking fees up 30%.
    JPMorgan Chase & Co., second-quarter 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K, exhibit 99.1) — net income $21.2bn ($7.70 per share), or $16.9bn ($6.14) excluding significant items; ROE 24%, ROTCE 29% and ROTCE excluding significant items 23%. Reported revenue $57.3bn and managed revenue $58.0bn; expense $27.3bn with a reported overhead ratio of 48%; credit costs $2.5bn with $2.4bn of net charge-offs and a $149M net reserve build. Average loans up 10% year on year and average deposits up 7%. CET1 Standardized 14.1% and Advanced 14.2%, total loss-absorbing capacity $590bn, Standardized RWA $2.1tn, cash and marketable securities $1.5tn; book value per share $133.01 up 9% and tangible book value per share $113.35 up 10%; Basel III CET1 capital $303bn; supplementary leverage ratio 5.5%; net payout over the last twelve months 73%. Segment returns: CCB ROE 34% with client investment assets up 21%, a Card Services net charge-off rate of 3.34%, card sales volume up 10% and active mobile customers up 6%; CIB ROE 22% with investment banking fees up 30% year on year, a #1 ranking for global investment banking fees at 9.3% wallet share year to date, markets revenue up 35% with fixed income up 6% and equity markets up 86%, and average client deposits up 11%; AWM ROE 48% with AUM of $5.1tn, up 18%. Significant items were a $4.6bn net gain related to Visa shares ($1.27 of EPS) and $1.0bn of gains on certain equity investments ($0.29). Jamie Dimon: 'These results were the product of a particularly favorable environment with an elevated level of market activity, as well as rigorous execution, years of consistent investment and thoughtful capital deployment.' — Q2 2026 · publ. 2026-07-14 · source ↗
  4. ReportedJPMorgan ranked first for global investment banking fees with an 8.4% wallet share for 2025 and 9.3% year to date in 2026.
    JPMorgan Chase & Co., second-quarter 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K, exhibit 99.1) — net income $21.2bn ($7.70 per share), or $16.9bn ($6.14) excluding significant items; ROE 24%, ROTCE 29% and ROTCE excluding significant items 23%. Reported revenue $57.3bn and managed revenue $58.0bn; expense $27.3bn with a reported overhead ratio of 48%; credit costs $2.5bn with $2.4bn of net charge-offs and a $149M net reserve build. Average loans up 10% year on year and average deposits up 7%. CET1 Standardized 14.1% and Advanced 14.2%, total loss-absorbing capacity $590bn, Standardized RWA $2.1tn, cash and marketable securities $1.5tn; book value per share $133.01 up 9% and tangible book value per share $113.35 up 10%; Basel III CET1 capital $303bn; supplementary leverage ratio 5.5%; net payout over the last twelve months 73%. Segment returns: CCB ROE 34% with client investment assets up 21%, a Card Services net charge-off rate of 3.34%, card sales volume up 10% and active mobile customers up 6%; CIB ROE 22% with investment banking fees up 30% year on year, a #1 ranking for global investment banking fees at 9.3% wallet share year to date, markets revenue up 35% with fixed income up 6% and equity markets up 86%, and average client deposits up 11%; AWM ROE 48% with AUM of $5.1tn, up 18%. Significant items were a $4.6bn net gain related to Visa shares ($1.27 of EPS) and $1.0bn of gains on certain equity investments ($0.29). Jamie Dimon: 'These results were the product of a particularly favorable environment with an elevated level of market activity, as well as rigorous execution, years of consistent investment and thoughtful capital deployment.' — Q2 2026 · publ. 2026-07-14 · source ↗
Sources
Generated September 23, 2026